一项针对新西兰和澳大利亚非法烟草市场的研究显示，消费者购买此类产品并非单纯出于价格考虑，许多吸烟者将其视为对政府不公平税收政策的一种“反抗”行为 1。据估计，目前非法烟草已占据澳大利亚烟草总消费量的50%至60%，显示出这一现象的严峻性 1。在新西兰，合法香烟的价格高达每包40至60新西兰元，而非法市场上的同类产品售价仅为10至25新西兰元，巨大的价差为非法市场提供了生存空间 1。
研究人员深入访谈了新西兰20名非法烟草使用者，发现参与者通过合理化自己的非法消费行为来重获自主感，并刻意避免思考供应链背后可能存在的犯罪网络 1。尽管新西兰最近宣布拟将对违规包装和零售犯罪的最高罚款提高至100,000新西兰元，但在过去12个月中，该国卫生部并未起诉任何违反烟草包装规则的人员，执法力度与政策声明之间存在落差 1。专家呼吁采取综合策略应对非法烟草市场的扩张，包括加强执法、解决贫困和失业等导致吸烟的结构性因素，以及发展基于家庭（whānau）和社区的支持项目以改变消费者认知 1。
New research indicates that the acquisition of illicit tobacco in New Zealand and Australia is motivated not only by economic savings but also serves as an act of defiance against government policies for certain smokers. 1 It is estimated that illicit tobacco currently accounts for 50% to 60% of total tobacco consumption in Australia. 1 In New Zealand, where legal cigarette prices range from NZ$40 to NZ$60 per pack, the illicit market offers similar products for just NZ$10 to NZ$25, creating a significant price disparity that fuels this black market activity. 1
A detailed study involving 20 individuals who use illicit tobacco in New Zealand revealed that participants rationalize their illegal purchases as a form of resistance to what they perceive as unfair tax policies. 1 Researchers Janet Hoek and Lori Leigh found that these consumers often avoid confronting the criminal networks behind the supply chain while seeking to regain a sense of autonomy through their defiance. 1 Despite recent announcements by New Zealand authorities proposing increased fines up to NZ$100,000 for packaging and retail violations, no individuals were prosecuted for breaching tobacco packaging rules by the Ministry of Health in the past 12 months. 1 Experts recommend a comprehensive strategy that includes stronger law enforcement, addressing structural drivers of smoking such as poverty and unemployment, and developing family-based (whānau) and community support programs to combat the expansion of the illicit market. 1
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