在2026年新西兰大选临近之际，各主要政党围绕税收政策展开了辩论 1。尽管立场各异，但未来政府都将面对人口老龄化、基础设施需求及生产率增长疲软带来的财政挑战 1。在具体主张上，工党提议对投资房产征收资本利得税；绿党和Te Pāti Māori提出财富税方案；Opportunity主张土地价值税以资助普遍基本收入 1。国家党承诺不加新税，并指责工党可能引入九种新税 1。
随着电动汽车普及和车辆效率提升，传统依赖燃油消费税的交通融资模式正失效，促使政府转向道路使用者收费制度 1。自2023年大选以来，政策开始从依赖燃油消费税转向直接向道路使用者收费 1。2024年4月起，轻型电动车和插电式混合动力车被纳入道路使用者收费体系；奥克兰区域燃油税随后被取消 1。目前汽油税费（不含GST）总计每升77.25分，主要由国家陆路运输基金收取的燃油消费税（每升70.024分）和ACC levy（每升6分）组成 1。
在近期调整方面，2022年3月为缓解生活成本压力，政府临时削减了每升28.5分的燃油消费税（含GST），并将柴油车的道路使用者费用降低了36% 1。现政府取消了原定于2027年的燃油消费税上调计划，将下一次上调推迟至2028年 1。文章呼吁选民关注税收方案的具体成本、受益群体及实施可行性，认为税制改革不能因技术和社会变迁而推迟 1。
As the 2026 general election approaches in New Zealand, political parties are presenting divergent strategies for tax reform, yet all face the same underlying fiscal pressures driven by demographic shifts and infrastructure demands. 1 The Labour Party proposes capital gains taxes on investment properties, while the Greens and Te Pāti Māori advocate for wealth taxes; meanwhile, the Opportunity party supports a land value tax to fund a universal basic income. 1 In contrast, the National Party has committed to avoiding new taxes, accusing Labour of potentially introducing nine different levies. 1 Despite these ideological differences, the reality of funding public services remains constrained by an aging population, rising infrastructure needs, and sluggish productivity growth. 1
A critical area where policy is already shifting is transport financing, as the traditional reliance on fuel excise duties becomes unsustainable due to the proliferation of electric vehicles and improved vehicle efficiency. 1 Since the 2023 election, there has been a deliberate move away from fuel-based revenue toward direct user charges for road usage. 1 Starting in April 2024, light electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid cars were incorporated into this user-pays system, coinciding with the removal of regional fuel tax in Auckland. 1 Currently, the total petrol levy excluding GST stands at 77.25 cents per litre, composed primarily of the national land transport fund’s fuel excise duty of 70.024 cents per litre and a 6-cent ACC levy. 1
To mitigate cost-of-living pressures, the government temporarily reduced the fuel excise duty by 28.5 cents per litre (including GST) in March 2022 and cut diesel vehicle road user charges by 36%. 1 Furthermore, the current administration has cancelled the scheduled increase in fuel excise duties originally planned for 2027, deferring the next hike until 2028. 1 The analysis emphasizes that voters must scrutinize the specific costs, beneficiaries, and feasibility of proposed tax changes, arguing that systemic reforms cannot be delayed despite technological and social transitions. 1
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