新南威尔士州成为澳大利亚首个通过人体堆肥立法的州 1。该技术的正式名称为“自然有机还原”，在法律术语中被称为“陆葬” 1。这一过程利用微生物在控制条件下将人类遗骸转化为类似堆肥的物质，通常需要2至3个月完成 1。具体而言，过程温度维持在约55至70摄氏度，最终产生约一立方米富含营养的堆肥样物质 1。作为对比，传统埋葬中，尸体完全白骨化可能需要10到40多年，具体时长取决于土壤条件 1。
尽管立法已通过，但澳大利亚首个设施预计不早于2029年投入使用 1。该项目的落地尚需进一步监管、专业设施和市场需求支持 1。在国际先例方面，美国已有14个州已允许人体堆肥，由Katrina Spade在2014年推出的城市死亡项目先行试验 1。
New South Wales has become the first state in Australia to pass legislation permitting human composting, a process technically known as natural organic reduction and legally termed land burial 1. This method utilizes microorganisms under controlled conditions to transform human remains into a nutrient-rich material resembling garden compost, typically requiring two to three months to complete 1. The resulting substance amounts to approximately one cubic meter of material generated at temperatures between 55 and 70 degrees Celsius 1.
The legislative move follows precedent set in the United States, where 14 states have already authorized human composting following pilot initiatives launched by Katrina Spade’s Urban Death Project in 2014 1. In contrast to traditional burial methods, where full skeletal decomposition can take between 10 and more than 40 years depending on soil conditions, this accelerated timeline offers a distinct alternative for end-of-life choices 1. Despite the legislative approval, the operational reality in Australia faces significant delays; the country’s first facility is not expected to open before 2029, pending further regulatory developments, specialized infrastructure, and sufficient market demand 1.
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