随着全球数据中心规模迅速膨胀，其引发的电力消耗与环保争议已升级为公众反对焦点，并成为2024年11月3日美国中期选举前的关键议题。1数据显示，全球数据中心数量已从2021年的8000个激增至约12250个，其中美国以4767个位居首位；这些设施的整体耗电量甚至超过法国全国水平。1面对这一趋势，美国已有16个州提议禁止或暂停新建数据中心设施，反映出地方层面对扩张的强烈抵制。1
尽管反对声浪高涨，支持者强调数据中心对国家安全和人工智能发展至关重要，并能创造就业机会。1行业预计科技界在AI基础设施上的投入将持续攀升，2026年支出将达7650亿美元，而明年该数字有望突破1万亿美元。1对此，特朗普总统公开驳斥相关反对意见为“病态阴谋”。1目前世界最大的运营数据中心位于中国内蒙古呼和浩特，由中国电信运营，占地面积约100万平方米（1070万平方英尺）。1
The rapid proliferation of data centres has triggered intense public opposition regarding their environmental impact and power consumption, emerging as a critical issue in the lead-up to the US midterm elections scheduled for November 3 1. Global data centre capacity has expanded significantly, rising from approximately 8,000 facilities in 2021 to around 12,250 today 1. The United States hosts the largest number of these installations with 4,767 sites, while China operates the world’s largest functioning facility, a complex belonging to China Telecom in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia covering an area of about 1 million square metres (10.7 million square feet) 1.
The sheer scale of this infrastructure is placing unprecedented demands on energy resources, with global data centres now consuming more electricity than the entire nation of France 1. In response to growing concerns over sustainability and local impacts, sixteen US states have introduced proposals to either ban new construction projects or impose moratoriums on further development 1.
Despite the backlash, proponents argue that data centres are indispensable for national security and artificial intelligence advancement, noting that they also generate significant employment opportunities 1. Financial projections underscore the sector's momentum, with the tech industry expected to spend $765 billion on AI infrastructure in 2026, a figure projected to surpass $1 trillion the following year 1. President Trump has dismissed the mounting criticism as a "sick conspiracy," reinforcing the administration's support for continued expansion 1.
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