废旧设备可能藏着关键数据 国家安全机关提示

国家安全机关发布提示，警告废旧工控设备和专业测绘仪器在流转过程中存在严重的数据安全隐患。1这些设备中残留的生产工艺、客户名录、系统运行参数、高精度坐标和地形数据等敏感信息，即使经过常规文件删除或格式化处理，仍可借助专业数据恢复技术被提取出来。1涉及能源、通信、交通、化工、水利等关键基础设施领域的废旧设备若流入二手市场，可能被用于分析系统漏洞与防护短板。1

敏感地理信息的泄露风险同样存在。1军事管理区、涉密单位和战略工程周边的地理信息一旦外流，可能危害国土安全与军事安全。1国家安全机关指出，境外间谍情报机构可能通过二手平台、废品回收等渠道定向回收关键行业的废旧设备，进而窃取国家秘密。1

为防止数据泄露，国家安全机关建议设备报废前对存储介质采取物理消磁、介质粉碎等方式彻底销毁，并选择具备正规资质的回收、销毁机构处置。1如发现可疑的设备回收或数据外泄情况，可通过12339电话、www.12339.gov.cn网络平台或国家安全部微信公众号进行举报。[1](#source-1)

China's national security authorities have issued a warning about the risks posed by discarded industrial control equipment and professional surveying instruments during their resale and disposal processes.1 According to the alert, these devices can retain critical data that poses serious threats to national security, commercial confidentiality, and infrastructure protection.

The authorities noted that conventional deletion methods and disk formatting cannot permanently erase data stored on media, as specialized recovery techniques can still extract residual information from the device's underlying storage layers.1 Equipment such as industrial controllers and surveying instruments may retain sensitive information including manufacturing processes, client records, system operating parameters, high-precision coordinates, and geographic data—all potentially recoverable and exploitable.1 In particular, obsolete equipment from critical infrastructure sectors including energy, telecommunications, transportation, chemicals, and water management poses heightened risks if it enters the secondhand market, where it could be analyzed to identify system vulnerabilities and security gaps.1

The national security authorities emphasized that sensitive geographic information—including data about military administrative areas, classified facilities, and strategic engineering sites—must be protected, as its disclosure could endanger territorial and military security.1 Foreign intelligence agencies may deliberately acquire such discarded equipment through online secondhand platforms and waste recycling channels.1 To mitigate these risks, organizations are urged to physically destroy storage media through methods such as magnetic erasure or mechanical pulverization before equipment disposal, and to select only qualified recycling and destruction facilities with proper credentials.1 Those with information about potential security violations can report to the national security authorities through the hotline 12339, the online platform at www.12339.gov.cn, or the National Security Ministry's WeChat official account.1