美国在与伊朗近40天激烈作战后暂停了军事行动，这一决定引发了对美国武器储备是否面临严重短缺的广泛争论。[1]伊朗战争耗资375亿美元，其中大部分用于弹药采购与使用，美国在战争期间发射了超过1000枚战斧巡航导弹和1430枚爱国者导弹。[1]根据评估，美国的弹药库存可能需要直到2031年才能恢复到战前水平。[1]
武器消耗的规模十分惊人。[1]在伊朗战争首日，美国就消耗了803枚导弹。[1]战争期间，美国还发射了190至290枚THAAD防御系统导弹用于拦截伊朗无人机和弹道导弹。[1]由于单枚导弹的生产周期需要1至5年，而美国月产弹药量仅为60至65枚，这些消耗对库存造成了巨大压力。[1]
对于库存短缺的影响，双方观点不一。[1]美国国防部已向国会要求追加87亿美元以应对"关键短缺"。[1]美国战略与国际研究中心资深顾问、退役海军陆战队上校马克·坎西安警告，库存短缺构成了一个"脆弱窗口"，可能影响美国在太平洋地区应对中国威胁和保卫台湾的能力。[1]然而，特朗普表示"我们拥有的弹药远比世界上任何国家都多，也远比我们需要的多"，白宫发言人安娜·凯利也声称"美国军方拥有充足弹药以实现特朗普的所有战略目标"。[1]此前在2025年10月，特朗普曾以避免库存耗尽为由拒绝向乌克兰提供战斧导弹。[1]
The United States has halted military operations against Iran following nearly 40 days of intense combat, sparking scrutiny over whether American munitions reserves have been severely depleted [1]. The conflict cost $37.5 billion, with the vast majority spent on ammunition [1]. During the campaign, the US military fired over 1,000 Tomahawk cruise missiles and approximately 1,430 Patriot missiles, alongside 190-290 THAAD system rounds and more than 13,000 bombing strikes [1]. To intercept Iranian drones and ballistic missiles, American forces deployed over 1,700 defensive rounds [1].
Military analysts warn that current production capacity poses constraints on replenishment. The Pentagon produces between 60-65 missiles monthly, or 700-800 annually, with individual missiles requiring between one and five years to manufacture [1]. According to defense experts, existing stockpiles may not return to pre-war levels until 2031 [1]. Mark Cancian, a senior adviser at the Center for Strategic and International Studies and retired Marine Corps colonel, characterized the shortage as a "vulnerable window" [1]. The Pentagon has requested an additional $87 billion to address what it describes as "critical shortages" [1].
The Trump administration contests assessments of depleted reserves. President Trump stated: "We have far more munitions than anyone in the world, and far more than we need" [1]. White House spokesperson Anna Kelly reinforced this position, declaring that "the US military has sufficient ammunition to accomplish all of President Trump's strategic objectives" [1]. Despite these assurances, concerns persist that ammunition shortages could compromise America's ability to counter Chinese threats in the Pacific region and defend Taiwan [1].