彼得·舍特勒撰写的马克·布洛赫知识传记近日引发关注。1布洛赫生于1886年，是来自阿尔萨斯的犹太学者之子，他在法国第三共和国时期成为该国最伟大的历史学家。12024年6月23日，布洛赫及其妻子西蒙娜的遗骨被正式安葬于巴黎先贤祠，他成为首位获此殊荣的历史学家。1
布洛赫对历史学学科做出了三项重大创新。1他将历史研究从个人领导人的叙述转向集体心态研究，与吕西安·费弗尔于1929年共同创办了《经济与社会历史编年史》期刊，并系统研究了中世纪欧洲的封建制度。1在斯特拉斯堡、巴黎和蒙彼利埃大学任教不足二十年间，他出版了7部著作和60余篇论文。1其主要著作包括《神圣的抚摸》《法国农村史》《封建社会》，以及战争期间创作的《历史工作者的职业》。1布洛赫在1928年国际历史科学大会上发表的论文《欧洲社会比较历史论》阐述了他的比较历史学方法论，他强调"谁不进行比较，谁就不能理解"，并认为"没有地理的人类，就像没有经济的人类一样"。1
布洛赫因参加法国抵抗运动而被盖世太保逮捕，1944年6月被处死。1他的学术思想对现代史学产生了深远影响。1
Peter Shottler has written an intellectual biography of Marc Bloch, one of the most influential historians of the French Third Republic 1. The work examines Bloch's three major innovations to historical scholarship: his shift from narratives centered on individual leaders toward the study of collective mentalities, his co-founding of the journal Annals of Economic and Social History, and his systematic investigation of feudalism in medieval Europe 1.
Born in 1886 to a Jewish family from Alsace, Bloch taught at the universities of Strasbourg, Paris, and Montpellier for less than two decades, yet produced seven books and over sixty articles 1. In 1929, he and Lucien Febvre established the influential Annals journal, which became a vehicle for comparative and social historical methods 1. Among his major works were The Royal Touch, French Rural History, and Feudal Society, and during World War II he wrote The Historian's Craft while engaged in the French Resistance 1. Bloch was arrested by the Gestapo and executed in June 1944 1. In recognition of his scholarly legacy, his remains and those of his wife Simone were formally interred in the Panthéon in Paris on June 23, 2024, making him the first historian to receive this honor 1.
Bloch's approach emphasized comparative methodology, declaring that "whoever does not compare cannot understand" 1. He also stressed that "there is no humanity without geography, just as there is no humanity without economics" 1. Shottler's biography explores both Bloch's comparative historical framework and its continuing relevance to contemporary historical scholarship 1.
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