伦敦卫生与热带医学院的研究显示，欧洲854个城市在2026年夏季因热相关原因共计出现约5万人死亡，创历史新高1。科学家指出，其中约65%的死亡直接归因于人为气候变化，这一比例相比本世纪初的40%显著上升1。这一死亡人数接近过去最危险两年总和的近两倍1。
地理分布上，意大利、法国、西班牙、德国和英国的绝对死亡人数最多1。其中英国估计有4354人因热死亡1，而马耳他、意大利和匈牙利的热相关死亡率最高1。那不勒斯成为受打击最严重的城市，每百万人中有815人死于热相关疾病1。易受影响的群体主要为老年人，85岁以上人群占死亡总数的近一半，但20至44岁人群中也有833人因热死亡1。
欧盟气候监测服务宣布，本夏为有记录以来最炎热的一个，欧洲大陆超过一半地区经历了"非常强烈"的热应激，体感温度超过38摄氏度1。此次研究所覆盖的样本城市约占欧洲总人口的40%1。
A groundbreaking study has revealed that heat-related deaths across 854 European cities reached 50,000 during summer 2026, marking a historic record.1 According to researchers, approximately 65% of these deaths were directly attributable to human-caused climate change, a significant increase from 40% at the beginning of the century.1 The death toll represents nearly double the fatalities from the two most deadly previous summers on record.1
The research team noted that people aged 85 and above accounted for nearly half of all deaths, though younger populations were not spared—833 people aged 20 to 44 also died from heat-related causes.1 Malta, Italy, and Hungary recorded the highest mortality rates, while Italy, France, Spain, Germany, and the United Kingdom experienced the greatest absolute numbers of deaths, with the United Kingdom alone recording an estimated 4,354 heat-related fatalities.1 Naples emerged as the hardest-hit city, with 815 deaths per million inhabitants attributed to heat-related illness.1 The studied cities represent approximately 40% of Europe's population.1
The European Union's climate monitoring service confirmed that summer 2026 was the hottest on record, with more than half the continent experiencing "very strong" heat stress, where perceived temperatures exceeded 38 degrees Celsius.1
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