澳大利亚研究委员会在新的"Explore"拨款计划中宣布采用条件彩票制度分配部分研究经费1。根据这一制度，被评为"高度竞争性"的申请将获得资助，"无竞争力"的申请不获资助，而被评定为"有竞争力"的申请则进入彩票抽签环节1。这种做法旨在减少评审偏见、提高公平性并鼓励更多创新研究提案1。
澳大利亚的这一改革并非全球首创。新西兰卫生研究委员会于2013年率先采用彩票制度，随后德国大众基金会、奥地利科学基金和英国学术院等多个机构也相继采纳了这种方式1。在实践中，这类制度已显示出促进多样性的效果：英国学术院推行彩票制度后，亚洲和英裔亚洲背景的研究人员申请数量增加幅度更大1；德国的彩票方案导致女性申请者数量大幅增加1。
Australia's Research Council has introduced a conditional lottery mechanism into its new "Explore" grant program to distribute a portion of research funding.1 Applications rated as "competitive" will enter a lottery draw rather than being decided solely by reviewer rankings, while those deemed "highly competitive" will receive funding and "non-competitive" applications will be rejected.1 This approach aims to reduce assessment bias, improve fairness, and encourage more innovative research proposals.1
The lottery method is not unprecedented internationally. New Zealand's Health Research Council pioneered the approach in 2013, followed by Germany's Volkswagen Foundation, Austria's Science Fund, and the British Academy.1 Evidence from these implementations suggests tangible benefits: following the British Academy's adoption of the lottery system, applications from researchers with Asian and British-Asian backgrounds increased at a notably faster rate.1 Similarly, a lottery scheme in Germany resulted in a significant rise in applications from female researchers.1 A randomized controlled trial conducted in New Zealand—the first global study of its kind—examined how grant allocation methods affect researcher productivity and provides further empirical support for this model.1
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