学生在使用人工智能辅助学习时必须谨慎，过度依赖可能导致学习效果严重下滑。一项中国研究发现，学生使用AI虽然改善了作业成绩，但在六个月内月考成绩下降约20%1。这种现象被称为"认知卸载"，学生过度依赖AI可能在真实考试中出现"性能崩溃"1。
专家建议，学生应在掌握基础知识和技能的前提下才使用AI工具1。具体做法是先独立完成练习任务，包括信息检索、概念解释和总结，随后再利用AI组织笔记、生成练习题并获取个性化反馈1。此外，在准备考试时应重现真实考试条件，关闭电子设备进行模拟考试1。AI还可被用于事实核查、简化复杂解释和提供反论证等方面1，帮助学生深化理解而非替代学习过程。
Students in secondary and tertiary education increasingly turn to artificial intelligence as a study tool, but research reveals important conditions for its productive use. A Chinese study published in June found that while AI use improved assignment grades, it paradoxically led to a decline of approximately 20 percent in monthly exam scores within six months 1. This phenomenon reflects what researchers identify as "cognitive offloading"—a risk where over-reliance on AI during preparation creates performance gaps when students face real examination conditions without technological assistance 1.
To harness AI's benefits while mitigating these risks, educational experts recommend a strategic approach grounded in independent learning first. Students should attempt to complete tasks on their own—retrieving information, interpreting concepts, and summarizing material—before turning to AI tools 1. Once foundational work is complete, AI can serve valuable functions: organizing notes, generating practice questions, providing personalized feedback, clarifying complex explanations, fact-checking, and offering counterarguments 1. Additionally, recreating authentic exam conditions during practice tests, with electronic devices disabled, helps bridge the gap between AI-assisted preparation and unaided performance 1.
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