澳大利亚的生育率持续下滑，反映出年轻一代对生育持保留态度的趋势日益扩大。2024年澳大利亚生育率跌至1.481人/女性1，远低于维持人口稳定所需的2.1人1。根据调查数据，仅约50%的18-24岁青年认为自己未来会有孩子1。不想要孩子的澳大利亚人口比例也在上升，从2005年的8%增加到2023年的14%1。
推动这一转变的因素多重且复杂。经济压力是主要考量之一，根据2026年分析，自2003年以来抚养孩子的成本增加了134%，当前年均成本约36500澳元1。气候变化也是一个重要因素，澳大利亚家庭研究所的研究表明，65%的受调查年轻人至少对气候变化"有所担忧"，环保顾虑与生育意愿呈现负相关1。此外，年轻人还面临人工智能伦理风险、职业发展优先级提升以及对自身育儿能力的疑虑等多重压力1。
尽管生育率下降，澳大利亚人口预计仍将增长，从2024年的2800万增至2065-66年的3930万1。
Australia is experiencing a significant shift in family planning attitudes, with increasing numbers of young people deciding against having children. The country's fertility rate has fallen to 1.481 children per woman in 2024, well below the 2.1 replacement level needed to maintain population without immigration 1. Between 2005 and 2023, the proportion of people who did not want children rose from 8% to 14% 1, reflecting changing priorities and concerns about the future.
Economic pressures represent a substantial barrier to parenthood for many Australians. The cost of raising children has surged 134% since 2003, with families now spending approximately 36,500 Australian dollars annually to support two or more children 1. Beyond finances, environmental anxiety plays a notable role in these decisions. Research from the Australian Institute of Family Studies found that 65% of 4,407 young people surveyed expressed at least some concern about climate change, with environmental worries showing a negative correlation to fertility intentions 1. Additional factors influencing the choice to remain child-free include concerns about artificial intelligence ethics, doubts about parenting capabilities, and prioritization of career development 1.
A Monash University survey conducted in 2024 underscores the scale of this demographic shift. Among 620 Australians aged 18 to 24 questioned, only approximately 50% believed they would have children in the future 1. Despite these declining fertility rates, Australia's overall population is still projected to grow from 28 million in 2024 to 39.3 million by 2065–66 1.
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