西北医学大学等机构联合进行的研究表明，人类心脏能够适应数月的失重环境，并在模拟火星重力条件下表现良好。1该研究对13名在国际空间站执行约6个月任务的航天员进行了心脏监测，为未来火星载人任务提供了新的希望。1
研究人员采用让航天员身体向上倾斜22度的方法来模拟火星重力环境，使血液向下半身转移以复现火星表面约38%的地球重力条件。1监测数据显示，航天员在失重初期的两周内心脏充盈和每搏输出量有所下降，但随后逐步恢复。1通过坚持日常运动——每天最多2小时，包括30-45分钟有氧运动和60-75分钟阻力训练——航天员的心血管系统得以有效适应失重和火星低重力环境。1
该研究由詹姆斯·托马斯博士、本杰明·莱文博士和迈克尔·邦戈博士等人主导，论文于2026年9月在《循环》杂志发表。1
A groundbreaking study from Northwestern Medicine and collaborating institutions has demonstrated that the human heart can successfully adapt to months of weightlessness and perform well under simulated Martian gravity conditions.1 Researchers monitored the cardiac health of 13 astronauts who spent approximately six months aboard the International Space Station, revealing that consistent daily exercise enables the cardiovascular system to adjust to both microgravity and the reduced gravity environment of Mars, which is about 38 percent of Earth's surface gravity.1
The investigation employed an innovative testing method in which astronauts were tilted upward at a 22-degree angle to simulate blood redistribution toward the lower body, mimicking the physiological stress of Martian gravity.1 Study participants followed a structured exercise regimen of up to two hours daily, comprising 30 to 45 minutes of aerobic activity combined with 60 to 75 minutes of resistance training.1 Initial findings showed that cardiac filling and stroke volume declined during the first two weeks of weightlessness, but subsequently recovered as the mission progressed.1 Upon return to Earth, astronauts demonstrated robust cardiovascular function when tested under these simulated Martian conditions, offering new promise for crewed Mars missions.1
The research, led by Dr. James Thomas of Northwestern University, Dr. Benjamin Levine of UT Southwestern Medical Center, and Dr. Michael Bongo of UTHealth Houston, was published in September 2026 in the journal Circulation under the title "Impact of Prolonged Spaceflight on Cardiac Structure and Function: An Exploratory Longitudinal Observational Study."1
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