摩洛哥首位女性总理面临多方压力

摩洛哥国王穆罕默德六世任命法蒂玛·扎赫拉·曼苏里为国家首位女性总理1，这一决定突破了历史性障碍，但随之暴露了社会对女性掌权的深层分歧。曼苏里所在的真实现代党在9月议会选举中赢得最多席位，与其他三党联合控制议会395个席位中的207个1。

这位担任总理的女性官员拥有超过20年的从政经历，曾担任马拉喀什市长和国家领土规划部长1。然而，她的任命立即招致宗教界的反对。伊斯兰主义前司法部长穆斯塔法·拉米德引用伊斯兰谚语质疑女性担任最高政治职位1，而摩洛哥高等乌拉玛委员会也反对平等继承权改革1。

尽管年轻女性对曼苏里的任命表示欢迎，但她们对其在具体政策上的行动更感关切1。2024年宣布的家庭法改革方案至今尚未成为法律1。同时，摩洛哥教育现状突出了女性权利面临的挑战——官方统计显示，农村地区15至17岁女孩的就学率仅为55%，远低于城市地区的100%1。此外，9月议会选举的投票率仅为注册选民的38%，创近二十年新低1。

King Mohammed VI appointed Fatima Zahra Mansouri as Morocco's first female prime minister, a historic breakthrough that has nonetheless exposed deep societal divisions over women in top political positions 1. Mansouri's party, the Authenticity and Modernity Party, secured the largest number of seats in September parliamentary elections and now controls 207 of the legislature's 395 seats through a coalition with three other parties 1.

The appointment has drawn stark reactions across Moroccan society. Islamists and religious scholars have questioned the legitimacy of a woman holding the nation's highest political office, with former Justice Minister Mustafa Ramid, an Islamist, citing Islamic proverbs to challenge the move 1. The country's Higher Council of Ulama has also opposed proposed reforms to inheritance law that would grant equal rights 1. Meanwhile, young women have welcomed Mansouri's appointment but expressed greater concern about concrete policy action, particularly regarding family law reforms announced in 2024 that have yet to become law 1.

Mansouri brings substantial political experience to the role, having served as mayor of Marrakech and minister of national territorial planning over more than two decades 1. However, significant gender disparities persist in the country: official statistics show that only 55 percent of girls aged 15 to 17 attend school in rural areas, compared to 100 percent in urban areas 1. The parliamentary election that preceded her appointment saw voter turnout reach just 38 percent of registered voters, marking a near-20-year low 1.