中国商务部与海关总署公布了新一批军民两用物项出口管制措施，首次对盾构机实施出口管制1。管制范围涵盖盾构机、岩石隧道掘进机等大型工程设备及其关键零部件，同时管制具备较强复杂地形作业能力的步履式挖掘机和适用于高海拔地区的濡喷机1。这些措施将自11月18日起正式实施1。
在无人机出口管制方面，新规定禁止可在操作人员自然视距外受控飞行、最大续航时间介于30分钟至3小时、且能在时速46.3公里以上的阵风下起飞的无人机未经许可出口1。同时，相关部门也为部分无人机出口提供了便利措施1。
中国盾构机全球市占率约70%，年产量达700多台以上1。根据预测，2025年中国盾构机出口额预计达到45亿美元，主要流向东南亚、欧洲和中东地区1。
China's Ministry of Commerce and General Administration of Customs have announced new export control measures on dual-use items, marking the first time tunnel boring machines will be subject to such restrictions.1 The regulations will take effect on November 18.1
The controlled items include tunnel boring machines, rock tunnel boring machines, and other large-scale engineering equipment along with their critical components.1 Additionally, the measures cover walking excavators with strong complex terrain operational capabilities and spray machines suitable for high-altitude regions.1 Unmanned aircraft with the ability to operate beyond the visual line of sight of operators, maximum endurance between 30 minutes and 3 hours, and capacity to take off in winds exceeding 46.3 kilometers per hour are also subject to export controls without authorization.1
China holds approximately 70 percent of the global tunnel boring machine market share, with annual production exceeding 700 units.1 Export revenues for Chinese tunnel boring machines are projected to reach 4.5 billion dollars in 2025, with primary destinations including Southeast Asia, Europe, and the Middle East.1 While implementing these restrictions, the government has simultaneously introduced facilitative measures for exports of certain unmanned aircraft models.1
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