宾州州立大学研究人员通过卫星观测发现，位于尼加拉瓜的马萨亚火山下方存在至少两个独立的岩浆储存区，这些区域正在经历相反的运动模式。1研究团队利用2018年至2024年间的六年卫星数据，采用干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）技术对火山进行了每12天一次的观测。1这项发现表明火山内部的岩浆储存系统远比此前认识的更加复杂，有助于更准确地预报火山喷发。1
火山的两个岩浆区表现出截然不同的活动特征。1主要岩浆室在观测期间先下沉后上升，而圣地亚哥火山口周围则持续下沉。1这项研究对于保护居住在火山13英里范围内的约200万居民具有重要意义。1马萨亚火山最后一次大规模熔岩流发生在1772年。1该研究已发表在《地球物理学研究通讯》2026年53卷14期上，研究经费来自美国国家科学基金会。1
Scientists at Penn State University have identified two distinct magma sources operating beneath Nicaragua's Masaya Volcano using six years of satellite observations, revealing a far more intricate underground storage system than previously understood.1 The research, which analyzed data collected between 2018 and 2024, found that the volcano's primary magma chamber sank and then rose during this period, while the area surrounding Santiago Crater experienced continuous subsidence, indicating that two independent magma reservoirs are undergoing opposite movements.1
The findings carry significant implications for volcanic hazard forecasting, as approximately 2 million people live within 13 miles of the volcano.1 Researchers employed Sentinel-1 satellite imagery and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology, which provided observations every 12 days, to map these subsurface changes.1 Lead author Lizzie Johnson, who earned her Bachelor of Science degree in Earth Sciences from Penn State in May 2025, led the study alongside Young Cheol Kim and Christelle Wauthier.1 The volcano's last major lava flow occurred in 1772.1 The study was funded by National Science Foundation awards 1945417 and 2523375 and was published in Geophysical Research Letters, volume 53, issue 14, in 2026.1
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