商务部、海关总署公布了进一步优化两用物项出口管制质疑和鉴别工作的公告1。新规明确了从海关质疑、企业响应到商务部鉴别的完整工作流程和时限要求，旨在提升出口便利化水平的同时规范管制工作1。
根据新规定，企业自收到《两用物项出口管制海关质疑通知书》之日起需在7个工作日内提供相关材料1。海关在收到货物发货人提供的全部材料之日起15个工作日内完成质疑判别或向商务部提出组织鉴别1，商务部则需在收到组织鉴别的完整材料之日起15个工作日内作出鉴别结论1。质疑、鉴别期间，海关对相关出口货物不予放行1。
企业可以申请将同一报关单项下与被质疑货物无关联关系的其他货物拆分处理1。新公告自发布之日起施行，同时废止《关于两用物项出口管制海关质疑有关事项的公告》（海关总署公告2025年第123号）1。
China's Ministry of Commerce and General Administration of Customs have issued a new directive to optimize the process for questioning and identifying exports of dual-use items, establishing clear procedural timelines and responsibilities for all parties involved 1.
Under the new framework, companies have seven working days from receipt of a Dual-Use Item Export Control Customs Question Notice to provide relevant documentation 1. The customs authority must then complete its preliminary determination or submit the matter for formal identification within fifteen working days of receiving all materials from the exporter 1. Following this, the Ministry of Commerce has a further fifteen working days to reach a final identification conclusion upon receiving complete materials for assessment 1. During the entire questioning and identification process, customs will not release the goods in question 1.
The directive introduces flexibility for exporters by allowing companies to request separation of unrelated goods listed under the same customs declaration from items under question, enabling separate processing 1. The new rules take effect upon publication and supersede the previous dual-use item export control questioning procedures announced as Customs General Administration Announcement No. 123 of 2025 1.
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