索伦特地区海鸟种群在禽流感后大幅反弹

英国索伦特地区的海鸟种群在经历2022年禽流感的毁灭性打击后实现了显著恢复。1三明治燕鸥曾在帕格汉港的繁殖种群遭彻底灭绝，如今已反弹至756个繁殖对，今年夏季产生570只羽毛未丰的幼鸟，创造了该地区的历史最高水平。1英国皇家鸟类保护协会资深项目经理韦兹·史密斯表示："2022年三明治燕鸥、黑头鸥和地中海鸥受禽流感严重打击，情况从去年开始好转。"1

除三明治燕鸥外，其他海鸟种群的增长更为迅速。1黑头鸥的羽毛未丰幼鸟数量从2025年的51只增至2026年的504只，增长了10倍；小燕鸥的数量也从去年的21只增至34只。1这一复兴成果源自英国皇家鸟类保护协会及志愿者三年的持续保护工作。1保护措施包括在覆盖52,000公顷海岸线和河口的区域内实施特殊围栏、鼠害监测、人工巡逻、选择性植被清除和浮动筑巢木筏等措施。1

Seabird populations in England's Solent region have experienced a remarkable recovery after being decimated by avian flu in 2022. The sandwich tern breeding colony at Pagham Harbour was completely wiped out, but has now rebounded to 756 breeding pairs, producing 570 fledglings during the summer season—marking the highest level ever recorded in the Solent area 1. Other species have similarly staged dramatic comebacks, with black-headed gulls surging from 51 fledglings in 2025 to 504 in 2026, a tenfold increase, while common terns rose from 21 to 34 individuals 1.

The resurgence reflects three years of intensive conservation efforts by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) and volunteer teams across 52,000 hectares of coastline and estuaries 1. Wez Smith, a senior project manager at RSPB, noted that sandwich terns, black-headed gulls, and Mediterranean gulls had been severely impacted by the 2022 outbreak, but "the situation has started to improve from last year" 1. Conservation measures have included specialized fencing, rodent monitoring, human patrols, selective vegetation removal, and floating nesting rafts to protect breeding sites and enhance conditions for recovering populations 1.