乌克兰钢铁公司Metinvest的首席执行官里日年科夫近日呼吁欧盟调整针对乌克兰钢铁产品的进口政策，指出这些原本针对中国等国廉价进口的措施正在伤害乌克兰经济1。欧盟最近将免税进口钢铁的配额从2024年的3450万吨下调至1830万吨，降幅达47%1，这一调整预计将导致乌克兰向欧盟的钢铁出口下降50至60%1。
里日年科夫表示，"获得欧洲市场对生存至关重要"，并指出乌克兰"处于困境，没有物流渠道进入除欧盟外的其他市场，减少60%的可用市场，这对工业生存无益"1。钢铁行业对乌克兰经济至关重要——在俄乌战争2022年全面爆发前，冶金和采矿业占乌克兰国民收入约10%，占出口的三分之一1。战争造成的打击更为严重，2024年9月乌克兰曾经历一段时期"没有生产一吨钢铁"，这是约150年来的首次1。Metinvest公司本身也付出了巨大代价，战争开始以来已有近800名工人丧生1。
The European Union's effort to curb cheap steel imports is unintentionally damaging Ukraine's vital export sector, according to Metinvest, the country's leading steelmaker. The EU has slashed its duty-free steel import quota from 34.5 million tonnes in 2024 to 18.3 million tonnes, a reduction of 47 percent.1 This policy shift is expected to cut Ukrainian steel exports to the EU by 50 to 60 percent.1
Metinvest's chief executive, Yuri Ryzhenkov, has called on the EU to relax import restrictions specifically targeting Ukrainian steel products, arguing that the country is being "bundled" into measures designed to counter cheap imports from China and other nations.1 Ryzhenkov emphasized that "access to the European market is vital for survival" and stressed the company's predicament, stating that without alternative logistics channels to markets outside the EU, reducing the available market by 60 percent undermines industrial viability.1
Ukraine's metal and mining sectors face unprecedented hardship. Before Russia's full-scale invasion in 2022, metallurgy and mining accounted for approximately 10 percent of Ukraine's national income and one-third of its exports.1 In September 2024, Ukraine experienced a striking milestone when it produced no steel for a period—the first time in roughly 150 years.1 The human toll has been severe, with nearly 800 Metinvest workers killed since the war began.1
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