NASA詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜对距地球约20光年的褐矮星SIMP 0136进行观测，发现其看似混乱的大气实际上遵循隐藏的规律。1这颗褐矮星的大气变化主要由两个因素驱动：温度波动和云层垂直结构，研究人员从中识别出三个循环出现的天气状态。1
三一学院都柏林的研究团队采用主成分分析法，从2023年收集的海量观测数据中揭示了这些大气规律。1第一作者梅尔·施拉德是该校物理学博士候选人。1这项技术将帮助天文学家更高效地分析遥远世界的大气，推进对系外行星宜居性的理解。1相关研究论文已发表于《天文学与天体物理学》2026年第713期A192。1
NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has revealed that the seemingly chaotic atmosphere of a brown dwarf located 20 light-years from Earth actually follows organized patterns driven by two primary factors.1 The celestial body, designated SIMP 0136, exhibits three cyclical weather states that emerge from temperature variations and the vertical structure of cloud layers.1 Researchers from Trinity College Dublin employed principal component analysis to extract these hidden atmospheric regularities from extensive observational data collected by Webb in 2023, identifying order within what initially appeared to be turbulent conditions.1
The discovery carries significant implications for the field of exoplanet science.1 The analytical technique employed to decode SIMP 0136's atmosphere could enable astronomers to more efficiently analyze the atmospheric compositions of distant worlds, thereby advancing understanding of their potential habitability.1 The research, led by Merle Schrader, a doctoral candidate in physics at Trinity College Dublin, was published in Astronomy and Astrophysics volume 713, article A192 in 2026.1
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