耶鲁大学研究人员发现，压力激素皮质醇通过改变大脑情绪和记忆网络之间的通信方式，增强人们对情感经历的记忆1。这项研究采用双盲对照设计，参与者服用氢化可的松（皮质醇）或安慰剂后接受功能性核磁共振扫描，每人完成两次实验1。研究人员利用仅约5秒的脑成像数据进行功能连接分析，相比传统方法所需的数分钟数据实现了创新1。
研究发现，皮质醇使情绪网络中产生更一致的活动模式，同时使记忆网络对情感信息的反应更加专一化，并增强两个网络之间的协调1。耶鲁医学院精神病学助理教授伊丽莎白·戈德法布博士表示："压力反应是根本上的适应性反应，可以帮助形成强烈记忆——但这特别适用于你认为情感强烈或有意义的经历"1。该研究已发表在《科学进展》期刊2025年第50卷上1。
Researchers at Yale University have identified the mechanism by which the stress hormone cortisol strengthens memories of emotional experiences.1 The study found that cortisol alters communication between the brain's emotional and memory networks, making emotional information more memorable.1 Through a double-blind controlled experiment using functional MRI scans, scientists observed participants viewing images while their brain activity was monitored, revealing that cortisol produces more consistent activity patterns in the emotional network, increases specialization in the memory network for emotional information, and enhances coordination between the two networks.1
The research, published in Science Advances in December 2025 (Volume 50, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adz4143), employed an innovative analytical approach that analyzed functional brain connectivity using only approximately five seconds of imaging data, departing from the traditional method requiring several minutes of data collection.1 Participants received either hydrocortisone, the active form of cortisol, or a placebo and underwent two separate functional MRI sessions in a design where neither participants nor experimenters knew which substance was administered each time.1 Dr. Elizabeth Goldfarb, an assistant professor of psychiatry at Yale School of Medicine, explained that "the stress response is fundamentally an adaptive response that can help form strong memories—but this is particularly true for experiences you perceive as emotionally intense or meaningful."1
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