由澳大利亚柯廷大学天体物理学家艾德尔·古德温领导的研究团队发现了一条适用于所有黑洞的基本物理规律：无论质量相差百万倍，黑洞似乎都在其吸积率降至艾德林顿极限的2%时才会激活延迟喷流1。这一发现为预测黑洞喷流爆发时间提供了新方法，有助于更高效地利用射电望远镜观测时间1。
研究团队通过分析20个潮汐瓦解事件获得了这一结论，其中10个事件拥有足够可靠的数据1。相同的2%阈值已在银河系内较小的黑洞中被验证，表明这一规律从恒星质量黑洞到超大质量黑洞都普遍适用1。延迟喷流可能在星体被撕裂后的数百天至数千天后才出现1。这项研究成果已发表于《自然天文学》杂志1。
Researchers have identified a fundamental pattern in black hole behavior that applies across vastly different scales of mass. An international team led by astrophysicist Adela Goodwin from Curtin University found that black holes of all sizes—from stellar-mass to supermassive varieties—appear to activate delayed jets when their accretion rate drops to just 2 percent of the Eddington limit.1 This discovery emerged from an analysis of 20 tidal disruption events, with 10 providing sufficiently reliable data for the study.1
The 2 percent threshold has already been verified in smaller black holes within our galaxy, and the research team's findings suggest this serves as a universal trigger point for jet emission.1 Delayed jets can emerge hundreds to thousands of days after the initial stellar disruption event.1 This consistent pattern offers astronomers a new predictive tool for anticipating black hole outbursts, potentially enabling more efficient use of radio telescope observation time.1 The findings have been published in Nature Astronomy.1
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