多个国家正在推行或计划实施社交媒体年龄禁令以保护未成年人。澳大利亚于2024年实施禁令，但早期研究显示五分之四的16岁以下青少年成功绕过了这些限制措施1。法国今年7月也加入其中，宣布禁止15岁以下未成年人使用社交媒体，但随后被国家最高法院以人权理由阻止1。英国计划在2027年初禁止16岁以下儿童使用Facebook、TikTok等主要平台，欧盟也宣布了类似的禁令计划1。
青少年规避禁令的手段包括使用兄妹的脸部进行身份验证和绘制假胡须等方式1。为了加强执行力度，澳大利亚电子安全委员会正敦促社交媒体平台检测并阻止VPN的使用1。美国部分州也在推进年龄验证立法，密歇根州和犹他州的法案尝试限制VPN访问，但犹他州的相关法案目前已被联邦法院阻止1。
更严格的执法措施伴随着隐私风险。去年Discord报告其第三方服务遭破坏，导致至少7万张用户政府身份证件照片泄露1。研究表明，澳大利亚的禁令实施后，青少年的屏幕时间并未显著减少，部分青少年反而转向了不受监督的平台1。
Multiple countries are implementing or planning social media age restrictions to limit youth access, yet emerging evidence suggests these bans are easily circumvented. Australia implemented such restrictions in 2024, but early research found that four out of five teenagers under 16 successfully accessed banned platforms 1. France attempted a similar prohibition in July, restricting social media use for those under 15, though the country's highest court blocked the measure on human rights grounds 1. Meanwhile, the United Kingdom plans to ban children under 16 from Facebook, TikTok, and similar platforms starting in early 2027, and the European Union has announced its own plan to prohibit social media access for those under 15 1.
Teenagers are employing creative workarounds to bypass these restrictions, including using siblings' faces for identity verification and drawing fake facial hair 1. In response, Australia's electronic safety regulator has pressured social media platforms to detect and block VPN usage 1. Some U.S. states have pursued age verification laws aimed at limiting VPN access—Michigan and Utah have introduced such legislation, though Utah's measure has been blocked by a federal court 1. These efforts raise privacy concerns, as Discord experienced last year when a third-party service was breached, exposing identification documents of at least 70,000 users 1.
Research indicates that Australia's ban has not significantly reduced adolescent screen time, with some young people shifting to less-monitored platforms instead 1. Rather than pursuing stricter enforcement that would necessitate extensive data collection and heightened privacy risks, policy should focus on restricting corporate data harvesting and providing families with user-controlled tools 1.
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