美国和欧洲国家正在大幅增加对俄罗斯反战活动人士和军队逃兵的遣返。美国2025年遣返俄罗斯国民超过1200人，相比2023年的222人大幅上升1。德国的遣返数字同样激增，从2023年的7人增至2025年的110人以上1。难民申请的批准率也在下降，德国俄罗斯难民申请者获批比例从2023年的29%跌至2025年前11个月的6.8%1，欧盟范围内获得某种形式庇护的俄罗斯申请者比例则从2024年的23%下降到2025年前9个月的约17%1。
被遣返回俄罗斯的人员面临严重后果。反战活动人士列昂尼德·梅莱欣因发表反普京言论被遣返后被判刑6年1。俄罗斯国内的政治镇压也在不断加剧，诺贝尔奖获得者纪念碑组织统计的政治犯数量从803人增至1265人1。此外，柏林去年暂停了针对俄罗斯人的人道主义签证计划1。
Western countries have dramatically increased deportations of Russian anti-war activists and military deserters, sending them back to face potential arrest, imprisonment, or forced conscription.1 The United States deported more than 1,200 Russian nationals in 2025, up sharply from 222 in 2023.1 Germany's deportations surged from 7 people in 2023 to over 110 in 2025.1
The reversal in asylum policy has coincided with a tightening of acceptance rates. Germany's approval rate for Russian refugee applicants fell from 29 percent in 2023 to 6.8 percent in the first 11 months of 2025.1 Across the European Union, the proportion of Russian applicants granted some form of protection dropped from 23 percent in 2024 to approximately 17 percent in the first nine months of 2025.1 Berlin suspended its humanitarian visa program for Russians last year.1
Those returned to Russia face severe consequences. Anti-war activist Leonid Melekhin was sentenced to six years in prison after his deportation for making statements critical of President Putin.1 According to Memorial, a Nobel Prize-winning human rights organization, the number of political prisoners in Russia has risen from 803 to 1,265.1 The U.S. Department of Homeland Security stated that "all illegal aliens receive due process, and if a judge determines an alien has no right to remain in the country, we will return them."1
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