世界卫生组织对英国的初步临床试验结果表示欢迎，该试验显示糖皮质激素地塞米松能有效降低危重COVID-19患者的死亡率。1根据试验结果，地塞米松对使用呼吸机的患者死亡率降低约三分之一，对仅需氧气支持的患者死亡率降低约五分之一。1WHO总干事谭德塞指出，这是"首个被证实能降低需要氧气或呼吸机支持的COVID-19患者死亡率的治疗方案"。1
地塞米松作为一种糖皮质激素，自1960年代以来已被用于减少多种疾病的炎症。1该药物自1977年起被列入世界卫生组织基本药物示范目录，目前不受专利保护，在大多数国家价格低廉。1WHO表示将进行荟萃分析并更新临床指导意见。1
The World Health Organization has welcomed preliminary clinical trial results from the United Kingdom demonstrating that the corticosteroid dexamethasone significantly reduces mortality among critically ill COVID-19 patients 1. According to WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, this marks "the first treatment option proven to reduce mortality in COVID-19 patients requiring oxygen or ventilator support" 1.
The trial findings show dexamethasone reduces death rates by approximately one-third among patients on ventilators and by roughly one-fifth among those requiring only oxygen support 1. Dexamethasone has been used since the 1960s to reduce inflammation in various diseases and has been included on the WHO Essential Medicines List since 1977 1. The drug currently enjoys no patent protection and remains inexpensive in most countries, potentially enabling broad accessibility 1.
The WHO announced plans to conduct a meta-analysis of the findings and update its clinical guidance accordingly 1.
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