联合国多个机构联合发布的报告显示，2020年全球营养不足人口显著增加1。报告估计约8.11亿人（占全球人口的9.9%）处于营养不足状态，较2019年的8.4%明显上升1。与此同时，2.3亿人（占全球人口的30%）缺乏全年充足的食物获取1。这一恶化状况在很大程度上与COVID-19疫情的影响有关1。
从地区分布看，饥荒问题分布不均1。非洲地区营养不足发生率高达21%，为全球最高，是其他任何地区的两倍多1。亚洲有4.18亿营养不足人口，非洲有2.82亿，拉丁美洲和加勒比地区有6000万1。儿童营养状况同样令人担忧，2020年超过1.49亿5岁以下儿童出现发育迟缓，超4500万儿童消瘦，近3900万儿童超重1。全球还有30亿成人和儿童无法获得健康饮食，主要原因是成本过高1。
报告警示未来面临严峻挑战1。按现有趋势，到2030年全球仍将无法实现消除饥饿的可持续发展目标，预计将缺少约6.6亿人的粮食保障，其中约3000万人的困境与疫情长期影响有关1。该报告由粮农组织、农发基金、儿基会、世界粮食计划署和世卫组织联合发布1。
A joint report released by the United Nations revealed a significant deterioration in global food security during 2020. An estimated 811 million people—representing 9.9 percent of the world's population—faced undernourishment that year, a sharp increase from 8.4 percent in 2019, largely attributed to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic 1. The report, produced by the Food and Agriculture Organization, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, UNICEF, the World Food Programme, and the World Health Organization, documented the scale of the crisis across regions and demographics 1.
The hunger crisis extended beyond insufficient calorie intake. Approximately 2.3 billion people, or 30 percent of the global population, lacked consistent access to adequate food throughout the year 1. Africa experienced the highest rate of undernourishment at 21 percent, more than double that of any other region, while Asia accounted for 418 million undernourished individuals and Africa for 282 million 1. Children were particularly affected, with over 149 million children under five experiencing stunting, more than 45 million suffering from wasting, and nearly 39 million classified as overweight 1. Beyond childhood malnutrition, approximately 3 billion adults and children worldwide could not afford a healthy diet, with cost remaining the primary barrier 1.
The outlook remains dire without intervention. Based on current trends, the world will fall short of the Sustainable Development Goal to end hunger by 2030 by approximately 660 million people, with around 30 million of this shortfall directly linked to the pandemic's long-term effects 1.
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