世界卫生组织发出警告，新冠疫情期间关闭免疫接种服务将增加麻疹、脊髓灰质炎等可预防疾病复发的风险1。WHO指出，全球仍有近2000万儿童未获得疫苗保护，其中约1300万儿童从未接种过任何疫苗1。刚果民主共和国去年因麻疹暴发导致超过6000人丧生，成为疫苗覆盖不足带来严重后果的典型案例1。
多年来疫苗接种工作取得显著进展。2018年，全球86%的五岁以下儿童接种了白喉破伤风百日咳疫苗，相比2000年的72%和1980年的20%有明显提升1。全球脊髓灰质炎患者数量下降了99.9%1，全球麻疹报告病例数预计2019年至少为80万例1。WHO总干事谭德塞表示："当我们拥有安全有效的疫苗来保护我们时，疾病暴发不应再成为威胁"1。
要有效保护社区免疫屏障，接种覆盖率需要达到95%1。WHO呼吁各国在应对疫情的同时维护常规免疫接种服务，并提出新的指导方针建议优先确保儿童和高危人群的接种1。
The World Health Organization has cautioned that suspending routine immunization services during the COVID-19 pandemic threatens to unravel decades of progress in disease prevention, risking resurgences of measles, polio, and other vaccine-preventable illnesses.1 The organization emphasized that nearly 20 million children globally remain unvaccinated, with approximately 13 million of them having never received any vaccine at all.1
The stakes of maintaining immunization coverage are underscored by recent outbreaks. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, a measles outbreak last year claimed over 6,000 lives,1 while global measles cases are projected to reach at least 800,000 in 2019 alone.1 By contrast, polio cases have declined by 99.9 percent globally,1 demonstrating the effectiveness of sustained vaccination efforts. Data from 2018 showed that 86 percent of children under five worldwide had received diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines, a substantial increase from 72 percent in 2000 and just 20 percent in 1980.1
WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus underscored the imperative to maintain these services, stating: "Disease outbreaks should no longer be a threat when we have safe and effective vaccines to protect us."1 The organization has issued new guidance recommending that countries prioritize vaccination for children and high-risk populations while responding to the pandemic.1 Achieving 95 percent immunization coverage is necessary to provide adequate community protection,1 making the preservation of routine vaccination programs critical to preventing disease resurgence.
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