联合国粮农组织、国际农业发展基金、联合国儿童基金会、世界粮食计划署和世界卫生组织联合发布的年度食品安全与营养报告揭示了全球粮食危机的严峻局面。1 2019年全球约6.9亿人挨饿，较2018年增加1000万人，五年内增幅近6000万人。1 联合国五个机构的领导人在报告前言中指出，"世界承诺在2030年前消除饥饿五年后，我们仍未按轨道实现目标"。1
营养不良问题同样令人担忧。1 全球至少30亿人无法承担健康饮食，健康饮食成本为贫困线（1.90美元/天）的五倍。1 亚洲有3.81亿营养不良者，非洲2.50亿，其中非洲19.1%的人口营养不良，远高于亚洲8.3%和拉丁美洲7.4%。1 在五岁以下儿童中，1.91亿人发育迟缓或消瘦，另有3800万人超重。1
新冠疫情的蔓延加剧了全球粮食安全危机。1 报告警告，COVID-19疫情预计最少导致8300万人、最多1.32亿人在2020年陷入长期饥荒，这一风险威胁着实现2030年零饥饿目标的前景。1
A United Nations report released in 2020 revealed a deepening global hunger crisis, with nearly 690 million people facing chronic hunger in 2019—an increase of 10 million from the previous year and 60 million over the preceding five years.1 The report, jointly published by five UN agencies including the Food and Agriculture Organization, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, UNICEF, the World Food Programme, and the World Health Organization, highlighted the accelerating pace of hunger across regions, with Africa experiencing the fastest growth rate.1
Beyond those going hungry, the report documented a broader malnutrition crisis affecting billions worldwide.1 Approximately 3 billion people or more cannot afford a healthy diet, as the cost of nutritious food is roughly five times the international poverty line of $1.90 per day.1 Among children under five, 191 million suffer from stunting or wasting, while 38 million are overweight.1 Geographically, Asia has the largest absolute number of malnourished people at 381 million, followed by Africa with 250 million; however, Africa bears a disproportionate burden with 19.1 percent of its population malnourished, compared to 8.3 percent in Asia and 7.4 percent in Latin America.1
The report warned that the COVID-19 pandemic posed an additional threat, potentially pushing between 83 million and 132 million people into chronic hunger by the end of 2020 alone.1 In their foreword, the leaders of the five agencies cautioned: "Five years after the world committed to ending hunger by 2030, we remain off track to achieve this goal."1
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