世界卫生组织与国际护士委员会、Nursing Now联合发布《2020年全球护理现状》报告，揭示了全球护理工作队伍面临的严峻挑战1。报告显示，全球现有护士近2800万人，虽在2013-2018年间增加了470万人，但仍存在590万人的短缺1。护理资源分布严重不均，全球80%以上的护士集中在仅占世界人口一半的国家工作，而非洲、东南亚和中东地区的缺口最为突出1。此外，八分之一的护士在非出生或培训国工作，这反映了护理人才的全球性流动1。
面对未来10年六分之一的护士将退休的预期，各国需要付出更大努力来解决护理人才危机1。报告指出，为填补缺口，国家平均每年需增加护士毕业生8%1。为应对COVID-19等全球卫生挑战，报告建议各国增加护士教育和就业投资，相应的人均成本约为每年10美元1。具体措施包括增加护士教育经费、建立护士领导职位、改善工作条件，并实现性别敏感的护士政策1。
世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞强调，"护士是任何卫生系统的骨干"1。国际护士委员会主席Annette Kennedy表示，"每一分对护理专业的投资都能以切实的方式提高人民和家庭的福祉"1。报告还指出，全球护士中约90%为女性，但女性在高级卫生领导职位中的占比明显较低，这是需要改善的性别失衡现象1。
The World Health Organization, in collaboration with the International Council of Nurses and Nursing Now, has released the 2020 State of the World's Nursing report highlighting a critical shortage of nursing professionals globally.1 The report identifies a global deficit of 5.9 million nurses, with the most severe gaps concentrated in Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East.1 Currently, approximately 28 million nurses work worldwide, an increase of 4.7 million since 2013–2018, yet this growth remains insufficient to meet global healthcare demands.1
The report underscores significant disparities in the global distribution of nursing talent, revealing that more than 80 percent of nurses work in countries representing only half of the world's population.1 Additionally, one in eight nurses work outside their country of birth or training, while one in six nurses is projected to retire within the decade.1 To address these shortages, countries must increase annual nursing graduate output by an average of 8 percent to close existing gaps.1 Investment in nursing education and employment is recommended, with an estimated annual per capita cost of approximately ten dollars needed to establish adequate nursing workforces capable of responding to global health challenges such as COVID-19.1
Gender representation remains another concern within the nursing profession, with approximately 90 percent of nurses being women, yet women remain significantly underrepresented in senior health leadership positions.1 WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stated that "nurses are the backbone of any health system,"1 while International Council of Nurses President Annette Kennedy emphasized that "every investment in the nursing profession translates into tangible improvements in the wellbeing of people and families."1 The report recommends comprehensive measures including increased funding for nursing education, establishment of nurse leadership roles, improvement of working conditions, and implementation of gender-sensitive nursing policies.1
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