世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会在南非开普敦召开联合会议，发布《开普敦麻疹宣言》，承诺通过扩大免疫接种努力，到2005年额外挽救近50万儿童的生命1。麻疹仍是儿童健康的严重威胁，每年导致74.5万儿童死亡，其中超过一半发生在非洲1。
全球麻疹防控取得明显进展1。过去三年内，全球麻疹死亡人数已下降近25%1。全球已向超过2亿儿童提供了麻疹疫苗1。为了进一步加强防控，与会方确定了45个最高优先级国家，这些国家的麻疹死亡占全球总数的95%1。
宣言制定的具体目标是到2005年相比1999年水平减少麻疹死亡50%，这也符合联合国千年发展目标中到2015年将五岁以下儿童死亡率降低67%的要求1。麻疹接种成本低廉，费用不足1美元1。与会专家指出，需要政府和国际社会的持续政治与财政支持才能实现目标1。
World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund officials convened in Cape Town, South Africa, to unveil the Cape Town Measles Declaration, pledging to save nearly 500,000 children's lives annually by 2005 through expanded immunization efforts 1. The declaration represents a coordinated international response to a disease that claims 745,000 child lives each year, with more than half of these deaths occurring in Africa 1.
Progress toward measles elimination has been documented, with global measles mortality declining by approximately 25 percent over a three-year period 1. However, achieving the target of reducing measles deaths by 50 percent compared to 1999 levels requires sustained political and financial support from governments and the international community 1. Forty-five countries identified as highest priority account for 95 percent of global measles deaths and represent the focus of intensified vaccination campaigns 1.
The declaration builds on existing achievements, including the delivery of measles vaccines to more than 200 million children globally 1. With vaccination costs remaining below one dollar per dose, the economic feasibility of expanded immunization programs is well established 1. These efforts align with the United Nations Millennium Development Goal to reduce under-five child mortality by 67 percent by 2015 1.
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