世界卫生组织发布首份关于高血压全球影响的专题报告，揭示了这一疾病的严峻形势与防控潜力。1报告指出，全球约3.2亿成年人患有高血压，其中约五分之四未得到充分治疗，近半患者甚至不知道自己患病。1自1990至2019年间，全球高血压患者数量已从6.5亿翻倍增至13亿，意味着全球约3人中就有1人患此病。1
患病人群在地域分布上存在明显不均，超过四分之三的高血压患者生活在低收入和中等收入国家。1WHO总干事谭德塞指出，"全球仅约五分之一的高血压患者血压得到控制"。1然而，报告同时提供了令人鼓舞的前景：如果各国能将高血压治疗覆盖率提升至表现最好的国家水平，2023至2050年间可避免7600万死亡、1.2亿次中风、7900万次心脏病发作和1700万例心力衰竭。1
为实现这一目标，世卫组织推荐通过HEARTS技术包等措施在初级卫生保健层面加强高血压防控。1目前已有40多个低收入和中等收入国家采用该技术包，覆盖1700多万患者。1从经济角度看，改善高血压治疗项目具有显著投资回报率，成本效益比约为18:1。1此外，彭博基金会自2017年以来向心血管健康倡议投资2.16亿美元。1
The World Health Organization has published its inaugural comprehensive report on the global burden of hypertension, revealing the scale of the crisis and outlining pathways to reduce mortality. Approximately 320 million adults worldwide live with hypertension, yet roughly four in five of these patients do not receive adequate treatment.1 The number of hypertension cases has doubled over the past three decades, climbing from 650 million in 1990 to 1.3 billion by 2019, meaning approximately one in three adults now has the condition.1
The disparity in treatment access is particularly acute in resource-constrained settings. More than three-quarters of hypertension patients reside in low- and middle-income countries,1 where nearly half of those affected remain unaware of their diagnosis.1 According to WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, only about one in five hypertension patients globally achieves adequate blood pressure control.1
However, the report emphasizes that substantial progress is achievable through scaled-up treatment efforts. If countries could elevate their hypertension treatment coverage to match the performance of high-performing nations, the world could prevent 76 million deaths between 2023 and 2050, alongside averting 120 million strokes, 79 million heart attacks, and 17 million cases of heart failure.1 The economic case for intervention is compelling, with improved hypertension treatment programs generating a cost-benefit ratio of approximately 18 to 1.1
To support implementation, WHO recommends the HEARTS technical package as a framework for strengthening hypertension management at the primary healthcare level.1 This approach has already gained traction, with over 40 low- and middle-income countries adopting the package and benefiting more than 17 million patients.1 The Bloomberg Philanthropies has contributed substantially to this effort, investing $216 million in cardiovascular health initiatives since 2017.1
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