研究人员利用先进的长读DNA测序技术，在棕树蛇基因组中发现了超过19000个大型遗传差异1。这些结构变异主要集中在免疫和嗅觉相关基因中1，改变的基因组数量约为单碱基对变化的8倍1。
这一隐藏的遗传多样性为一个长期困扰科学家的谜团提供了答案：仅由少数蛇只建立的种群为何能够克服近交衰退、成功适应关岛环境并扩张至极高密度1。研究显示，关岛棕树蛇种群在某些地区的密度已达到每平方英里30000条蛇1。该研究成果于2026年7月24日发表在《Science Advances》期刊上1。
Researchers have discovered that brown tree snakes possess far greater genetic diversity than previously understood, which explains how a small founding population managed to establish itself and flourish on Guam despite the typical constraints of inbreeding.1 Using advanced long-read DNA sequencing technology, scientists identified over 19,000 large-scale structural genetic variations within the snakes' genome, with the majority concentrated in genes related to immunity and olfaction.1 These hidden genetic variations account for approximately eight times more genetic changes than single base-pair mutations alone, providing the populations with sufficient diversity to overcome inbreeding depression and adapt to the island environment.1
The brown tree snake population on Guam has reached extraordinary densities in certain areas, reaching as high as 30,000 snakes per square mile.1 Findings from the research were published on July 24, 2026, in Science Advances.1
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