《麻省理工科技评论》介绍了六种旨在延续人类思维的前沿技术设想1。这些方案包括头部移植、思维克隆、脑体外保存、渐进式脑细胞替换、完整脑映射上传和合成新皮层，由全球各地的研究机构和初创企业推进1。
在头部移植领域，意大利神经外科医生Sergio Canavero提出了这一构想，并声称已通过动物实验证明脊髓再接合的可行性1。脑体外保存技术方面，Bexorg公司已展示了相关技术能力，目前可将脑组织维持约24小时，并计划将保存时间延长至两周1。由美国政府高级研究计划局(ARPA-H)资助的脑细胞替换项目计划在五年内为首次人体试验奠定基础1。
完整脑上传技术的实现前景相对遥远。据2025年发表于《PLOS One》期刊的神经科学家调查预测，完整脑模拟不会在2125年前实现1。Nectome和Sparks Brain Preservation两家公司已提供脑体保存服务，主要面向采用医疗协助死亡的个人1。此外，Science Corporation在2024年展示了生物混合脑-计算机接口技术，使神经细胞能够在芯片上生长并与动物脑实现整合1。
MIT Technology Review has surveyed six emerging technological approaches aimed at extending human consciousness beyond biological death. 1 These proposals range from surgical interventions to digital preservation, each representing distinct scientific frontiers with varying degrees of experimental validation and ethical complexity.
Neurosurgeon Sergio Canavero has proposed head transplantation, claiming that spinal cord reconnection has been demonstrated as feasible through animal experiments. 1 Separately, companies Nectome and Sparks Brain Preservation offer brain preservation services designed for individuals choosing medical assistance in dying. 1 Bexorg has demonstrated technology for maintaining human brains outside the body, currently sustaining viability for approximately 24 hours with plans to extend preservation to two weeks. 1 A research initiative funded by ARPA-H is pursuing gradual replacement of brain cells, with objectives to establish the foundation for the first human trial within five years. 1
On the digital front, researchers have begun exploring comprehensive brain simulation and synthetic neural tissue. A 2025 neuroscientist survey published in PLOS One predicts that complete brain simulation will not be achieved before 2125. 1 Science Corporation demonstrated in 2024 a bioelectronic brain-computer interface in which neural cells grow on a chip and integrate with animal brains. 1 These initiatives collectively represent speculative but advancing efforts to circumvent biological mortality, though all face substantial ethical, technical, and scientific barriers.
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