中国疾控中心发布了2026-2027年度流感疫苗接种指南，建议9月、10月为最佳接种时间1。今年7月以来，甲型H3N2亚型和乙型Victoria系在我国共同流行，其中甲型H3N2亚型占比持续上升1。由于乙型Yamagata系自2020年3月以来在全球再未被监测到，世界卫生组织建议将其从疫苗组分中移除1，因此今年流感疫苗组分全面更新，三价流感疫苗正式全面替代四价疫苗1。
接种流感疫苗后需要2到4周才能产生抗体，保护作用一般可维持6到8个月1。专家强调，即使去年打过或今年已感染过流感，仍需重新接种1。三价裂解疫苗和亚单位疫苗可用于6月龄及以上人群，三价减毒活疫苗则适用于3到17岁人群1。慢性病患者、血糖和高血压控制平稳的患者不影响疫苗接种1，但体温超过37.3℃、肌肉酸痛、咳嗽、流涕等症状的患者建议等症状缓解后再接种1。
接种后需在现场留观30分钟，回家后保持接种部位清洁干燥1。流感高发期一般为11月到次年3月1，北京已有414家预防接种门诊可实现医保个人账户支付1。
As the influenza season draws near, China's Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has released vaccination guidelines for the 2026-2027 influenza season, recommending September and October as the optimal months for immunization 1. The vaccine composition has undergone comprehensive updates this year, with trivalent vaccines fully replacing quadrivalent formulations following the global absence of Yamagata lineage influenza B since March 2020, which prompted the World Health Organization to recommend its removal from vaccine components 1.
Surveillance data from July onward shows concurrent circulation of A(H3N2) and B(Victoria) lineages, with the proportion of A(H3N2) rising 1. The flu season typically peaks from November through March of the following year 1. Healthcare providers emphasize that vaccination remains necessary even for those who received the shot last year or already contracted influenza this year, as protection wanes within 6 to 8 months 1. Antibody production following vaccination requires 2 to 4 weeks 1. Trivalent split-virus and subunit vaccines are suitable for individuals aged 6 months and older, while trivalent live-attenuated vaccine is appropriate for ages 3 to 17 1.
Individuals with chronic conditions and those whose blood sugar and blood pressure are well-controlled are not contraindicated from vaccination 1. However, those with body temperature exceeding 37.3°C, muscle pain, cough, or nasal discharge should wait until symptoms resolve before receiving the vaccine 1. In Beijing, 414 vaccination clinics now support payment through medical insurance personal accounts 1. Recipients must remain at the clinic for 30 minutes after immunization and should keep the injection site clean and dry afterward 1.
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