印度1.3亿选民被删除名单，引发全国大规模抗议

印度自去年以来通过特别密集修订（SIR）程序从选民名单中删除了1.3亿个名字，创下独立以来80年间最大幅度的下降1。这一举措在印度各主要城市引发大规模抗议，参与者主要为Z世代，对政府构成前所未有的挑战2。批评人士指控这一过程被用于系统性地剥夺穆斯林、少数民族和低种姓社区等特定群体的投票权1。

前选举委员会主席库雷希声称"这是一场国家骚扰行动，旨在将穆斯林从选民名单中清除出去"1。抗议活动已引起广泛关注——上周末，德里被"路障、道路封闭和数万警察及准军事部队"所充斥1。在比哈尔邦，超过600万个名字在该州选举前被删除，随后印人党在州选举中赢得压倒性胜利1。一名38岁的移民工人沙希达·法基尔尽管持有印度公民身份证件，仍在7月被遣返孟加拉国1。

选举委员会承认存在某些缺陷，并"迟到地对选民删除表格的数量设置了上限"1。三位前选举委员会主席已公开批评SIR程序损害了选举完整性1。莫迪总理为印度辩护，称其为"民主之母"2。

India's electoral system has become the flashpoint for nationwide unrest following the removal of 130 million voter names since last year through a process known as the Special Intensive Revision (SIR)1. According to a former chief election commissioner, the scale of deletions is unprecedented, with one official noting that "in nearly eight decades since India's independence, never have the voter rolls shrunk by such a huge amount over such a short time"1. The deletions have sparked large-scale protests across major Indian cities, particularly in the capital, where streets have been lined with barricades, roadblocks, and thousands of police and paramilitaries deployed1.

Critics contend that the removal process has been systematically weaponized against opposition-aligned communities. Former chief election commissioner SY Qureshi characterized the effort as "a national harassment exercise designed to throw Muslims off the electoral roll," alleging that minority groups, low-caste communities, and other non-ruling-party voters have been disproportionately targeted1. The controversy has drawn backing from prominent figures, as three former election commissioners have publicly criticized SIR as undermining electoral integrity1. In Bihar, more than 6 million names were removed before the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) secured a landslide victory in state elections, raising questions about the timing and impact of the purges1.

The human cost of the voter deletions has extended beyond the ballot box. Shahida Fakir, a 38-year-old migrant worker, was deported to Bangladesh in July despite possessing Indian citizenship documents1. While the Election Commission has acknowledged certain flaws in the process and subsequently imposed a cap on voter deletion forms, the concession has done little to quell the protests, which are being driven largely by Gen Z activists2. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has defended India as the "mother of democracy" amid accusations of voter fraud2.