印度尼西亚正面临十年来最严重的野火季节，大量有毒烟霾蔓延至东南亚地区，数百万居民受影响1。根据Nusantara Atlas的数据，印尼共记录1,043,377个野火热点，烧毁了90万公顷土地，其中绝大多数源自砍伐焚烧农业活动1。
在应对措施方面，印尼总统普拉博沃·苏比安托将砍伐焚烧农业定性为"生态恐怖主义"，并呼吁加大处罚力度1。印尼当局上月宣布暂停26家与野火相关的公司营业执照1。然而，新加坡和马来西亚的棕榈油企业仍面临指控。绿色和平组织指控新加坡棕榈油公司First Resources旗下的两家印尼子公司管理的土地上，在8月至9月期间记录了30多个烟霾源点1。烟霾已导致新马地区部分学校关闭1。
跨境污染问题的解决面临政治障碍。新加坡在2014年通过了《跨界烟霾污染法》，但因印尼缺乏合作而难以有效实施1。印尼政府通讯机构负责人赛亚甘达·奈因戈兰的表态"没有烟霾时，我们送氧气"引发了新马居民的批评1。
Indonesia is experiencing its worst fire season in a decade, with widespread wildfires sending toxic smog across Southeast Asia and affecting millions of residents.1 According to data from Nusantara Atlas, Indonesia has recorded 1,043,377 fire hotspots that have burned 900,000 hectares of land, with the majority stemming from slash-and-burn agricultural practices.1 The haze has spread to Singapore and Malaysia, prompting the closure of some schools in those countries.1
Palm oil companies based in Singapore and Malaysia have drawn scrutiny over their alleged connections to the large-scale fires.1 Greenpeace has accused Singapore-based First Resources of operating Indonesian subsidiaries on land where more than 30 haze sources were recorded between August and September.1 In response, Indonesian authorities suspended the business licenses of 26 companies linked to the fires last month.1 President Prabowo Subianto has characterized slash-and-burn agriculture as "ecological terrorism" and called for stricter penalties.1
The cross-border air pollution challenge remains difficult to address, partly due to diplomatic obstacles.1 Singapore passed the Transboundary Haze Pollution Act in 2014, but the law has proved difficult to enforce because Indonesia has not cooperated with implementation efforts.1 Controversy has further escalated after Indonesia's government communications official Sayganda Nainggolan drew criticism from Singapore and Malaysia residents with remarks suggesting that oxygen would be sent when there is no haze.1
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