英国人均电力生成陷入数十年低谷

英国的人均电力生成已跌至1960年代后期的水平。1 自2003年达到峰值以来，英国人均电力生成下降了超过三分之一。1 这与全球趋势形成鲜明对比，本世纪全球人均电力生成增长超过50%。1

英国电力生成能力的收缩主要源于多方面变化。经济结构从制造业向服务业转变导致电力需求下降，同时LED灯泡推广和家电效率标准改善也降低了用电量。1 工业部门电力消费自2005年以来下降了四分之一，住宅和商业部门的电力使用也出现了相同幅度的下滑。1

随之而来的是英国对进口电力的依赖加深。英国电力净进口从2010年的1%增至2025年的9%。1

The United Kingdom's per capita electricity generation has declined by more than one-third from its 2003 peak, returning to levels not seen since the late 1960s 1. This downward trend contrasts sharply with the global pattern, where per capita electricity generation has grown by over 50 percent this century 1.

The decline reflects two concurrent shifts in the British economy and infrastructure. Industrial electricity consumption has fallen by one-quarter since 2005, while residential and commercial power usage has dropped by the same proportion 1. This contraction stems partly from the nation's economic transformation away from manufacturing toward services, as well as efficiency improvements driven by the adoption of LED lighting and stricter energy standards for appliances 1. Meanwhile, the United Kingdom has increasingly turned to imports to meet its electricity needs, with net imports rising from 1 percent of supply in 2010 to 9 percent by 2025 1.