新西兰即将到来的2026年大选中，多个政党采取前所未有规模的策略性投票战术。1毛利党要求支持者在毛利选区投票给其候选人但党票投给工党或绿党，国家党方面也呼吁投票者支持其候选人但党票投给行动党或新西兰优先党。1这些做法的目标是创造议会超额席位，从而在政府组建中获得更大话语权。
这一现象引发政治领袖的严厉批评。1国家党领导人克里斯托弗·卢克松和前任约翰·基均指责这种策略为"聪慧的反面"。1议会超额席位在新西兰已成为重复出现的问题，自1996年以来的12次选举中已发生6次，其中4次（2005、2008、2011、2023年）源于毛利党在毛利选区的强势表现。1
为应对类似问题，国际上已有先例。1德国在2012年联邦宪法法院裁定大量超额席位违反选举平等原则后，于2013年修改了选举法，导致联邦议院规模从598人增至736人，后来又固定在630人。1在新西兰国内，2012年MMP评审和2023年独立选举评审都建议废除"尾随规则"和超额席位条款，并将党票门槛降至4%或3.5%。1
New Zealand is witnessing an unprecedented scale of strategic voting ahead of the 2026 general election, with major political parties employing tactical voting campaigns to secure additional parliamentary seats 1. The Māori Party has instructed supporters to vote for its candidates in Māori electorates while casting their party votes for Labour or the Greens, while the National Party has similarly encouraged voters to support its candidates but direct party votes to Act or New Zealand First 1. These coordinated efforts aim to create overhang seats—extra places in Parliament that exceed the normal 120-seat allocation—which could prove decisive in government formation negotiations 1.
The tactic carries significant risks to electoral system legitimacy, even as it highlights structural vulnerabilities in New Zealand's mixed-member proportional (MMP) voting system 1. Overhang seats have materialized in 6 of the 12 elections held since the MMP system's introduction in 1996, with four instances (2005, 2008, 2011, and 2023) stemming from the Māori Party's electoral strength 1. International precedent suggests such anomalies warrant systemic reform: Germany's constitutional court ruled in 2012 that large-scale overhang seats violated principles of electoral equality, prompting legislative changes that initially expanded the Bundestag from 598 to 736 seats before being capped at 630 1. Both the 2012 MMP Review and the 2023 independent electoral review recommended abolishing the "tail-following" rule and overhang provisions while lowering the party vote threshold to between 3.5 and 4 percent 1. National Party leader Christopher Luxon and his predecessor John Key have criticized the practice as the "opposite of clever," signaling broader concerns about gaming the electoral framework 1.
评论
还没有评论，欢迎留下第一条。