亚马逊机器人扩张与人类劳动力的未来

亚马逊已在全球仓库部署超过100万台机器人，日均支撑数千万件次日达和隔日达配送。1与此同时，公司拥有超过150万名全职和兼职人类员工。1亚马逊声称机器人能减轻人类员工的工作负担，但专家对此提出了不同看法。

乔治梅森大学商学教授布莱恩·格林伍德指出，协作机器人带来了新的自动化模式。1他表示："过去100年，自动化通常远离工人进行，但协作机器人改变了这一动态，因为它在物理上靠近工人，且具有控制工作节奏的能力。"1这与传统远程自动化形成鲜明对比。劳工倡导组织和研究人员指出，与传统远程自动化不同，协作机器人能直接控制工作节奏，这可能对人类工人产生负面影响。1

亚马逊计划在未来显著增加机器人队伍，并建立新工厂生产更高能力的机器人工人。1

Amazon has deployed more than one million robots across its global warehouse network, leveraging the technology to support millions of next-day and second-day deliveries daily 1. The company maintains a workforce of over 1.5 million full-time and part-time human employees alongside this robotic infrastructure 1.

While Amazon contends that robots reduce the burden on human workers, labor advocates and researchers present a more complex picture. Brian Greenwood, a business professor at George Mason University, highlighted a significant shift in automation dynamics, noting that "over the past century, automation typically happened away from workers, but collaborative robots change that equation because they work in close physical proximity to workers and have the ability to control the pace of work" 1. This distinction raises concerns about how such direct human-machine collaboration may affect workers in practice.

Amazon plans to substantially expand its robotic workforce, including the construction of new facilities dedicated to manufacturing more advanced robotic workers 1.