澳大利亚和新西兰遭受入侵物种的破坏程度在全球范围内最为严重。1澳大利亚已引入超过4000种物种，其中约3000种已失控成为入侵种，每年造成的经济损失约占该国GDP的1.25%。1澳大利亚是全球受入侵物种影响最严重的三个国家之一，仅次于美国和新西兰。1
这种异常的脆弱性源于岛屿生物地理学的独特特征。1澳大利亚的本地物种与欧亚大陆的胎盘哺乳动物已在1400万年前分离，导致有袋动物及其他本地生物缺乏应对外来捕食者和竞争者的防御机制。1长期的地理隔离使得澳大利亚本地生态位填补不足，难以抵挡来自欧亚大陆的物种入侵。1其中猫和兔子等来自欧亚大陆的"超级入侵者"尤为具有破坏力，这与欧亚大陆作为最大陆地、其野生猫科动物和兔形动物多样性远高于澳大利亚密切相关。1尽管澳大利亚拥有严格的生物安全措施，但其生态系统的固有脆弱性使得入侵物种仍能造成严重的生态和经济损害。1
Australia and New Zealand suffer far more severe ecological and economic harm from invasive species than other regions worldwide, despite implementing strict biosecurity measures 1. Australia has introduced over 4,000 species, approximately 3,000 of which have become invasive, resulting in annual economic losses equivalent to 1.25% of the nation's GDP 1. Australia ranks among the three most severely affected countries globally by invasive species, trailing only the United States and New Zealand 1.
The vulnerability stems from the unique biogeography of these island nations. Marsupials and most native Australian species have remained isolated from Eurasian placental mammals for 14 million years, during which time they failed to develop defensive mechanisms against foreign predators and competitors 1. Invasive species from Eurasia—particularly "super-invaders" such as cats and rabbits—prove especially destructive precisely because the region's native fauna lacks evolutionary adaptations to cope with them 1. Eurasia's considerably greater diversity of wild felines and lagomorphs compared to Australia has produced animals far better equipped for predation and competition in novel environments 1. As one of only 17 megadiverse countries, Australia's biodiversity faces heightened risk from this ecological mismatch 1.
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