美国产科病房正经历一波关闭潮，直接原因是联邦医疗补助（Medicaid）资金的削减。根据非营利组织Protect Our Care的分析，自2025年7月HR1法案宣布以来，已有52家产科病房关闭，另有8家已宣布即将关闭1。该法案将于新年全面生效，包含更严格的工作要求和资格检查，同时减少了州的联邦Medicaid资金1。
这一变化对美国孕产妇医疗体系构成严重威胁。美国约40%的分娩由Medicaid支付1，因此资金削减直接威胁到大量孕妇的医疗获取。农村社区将受到特别严重的打击——March of Dimes已确定31家处于危险中的农村医院，其关闭将导致96个县完全失去产科服务1。哈佛公共卫生学院医疗经济学教授Benjamin Sommers指出该法案将"绝对"影响孕妇1。美国当前孕产妇死亡率为每100,000活产17.9人1，这一数据反映了产科护理已面临的压力。
Protect Our Care政策和项目主任Vaishu Jawahar解释了关闭的直接机制："削减1万亿美元的Medicaid意味着从医院削减这笔资金，医院陷入困境，被迫做出艰难决定，通常导致产科病房关闭"1。March of Dimes立法和战略顾问Erin Jones警告："这些变化已经并将继续恶化已经严重的产科护理危机"1。此外，2025年初，整个CDC妊娠风险评估监测系统团队被特朗普政府放在行政假期1。该系统已存在超过40年1，其暂停进一步削弱了监测孕产妇健康风险的能力。
A significant contraction in obstetric services is underway across the United States following federal Medicaid funding reductions. According to analysis by the nonprofit organization Protect Our Care, 52 maternity wards have already closed since the HR1 Act was announced in July 2025, with an additional 8 facilities announcing imminent shutdowns 1. The legislation is set to take full effect at the start of the new year, implementing stricter work requirements and eligibility verification while reducing states' federal Medicaid allocations 1.
The closures are projected to have particularly severe consequences for rural communities. March of Dimes has identified 31 rural hospitals at risk, the closure of which would leave 96 counties without obstetric services 1. This comes as roughly 40 percent of all births in the country are funded through Medicaid 1, and the current US maternal mortality rate stands at 17.9 per 100,000 live births according to CDC data 1. Vaishu Jawahar, policy and programs director at Protect Our Care, explained that the $1 trillion in Medicaid cuts means "taking that money away from hospitals, leaving them in dire straits and forcing them to make difficult decisions, often resulting in obstetric ward closures" 1.
Health experts have warned of compounding risks to maternal health. Erin Jones, a legislative and strategy advisor at March of Dimes, stated that "these changes have already and will continue to worsen an already severe obstetric care crisis" 1. Benjamin Sommers, a health economics professor at the Harvard School of Public Health, noted that the policy will "absolutely" impact pregnant women 1. In early 2025, the entire CDC Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System team was placed on administrative leave by the Trump administration, a move that raises additional concerns about maternal health surveillance 1.
评论
还没有评论，欢迎留下第一条。