维也纳工业大学原子与亚原子物理研究所的科研团队成功开发了世界上首个自稳定核时钟，这一突破有望改变精密计时领域的现状。1 该装置以钍原子核为参考标准，相对精度约达10的负15次方，相当于3000万年内误差仅一秒。1 与传统原子钟相比，核时钟能够在没有外部辅助的情况下独立维持其准确性超过24小时。1
研究团队由教授Thorsten Schumm领导，在2024年4月首次实验验证了激光激励钍核的可行性。1 到2024年秋季，团队将钍激励装置连接到传统光学原子钟，证明了原子核可作为精密计时的参考标准。1 原子核相比原子体积小10000倍以上，因此对外部干扰的抵抗力更强。1 Schumm教授评价称，"这对第一个原型来说是一个奇妙的结果"，但他同时指出该核时钟目前尚未达到世界最先进的光学原子钟水平。1
A research team at Vienna University of Technology has created the world's first self-stabilizing nuclear clock, marking a significant advancement in precision timekeeping technology.1 Led by Professor Thorsten Schumm from the Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics, the team used thorium-229 nuclei as a reference standard for the clock's operation.1 In April 2024, researchers successfully demonstrated for the first time that lasers could excite thorium nuclei.1 By autumn 2024, the team connected the thorium excitation apparatus to a conventional optical atomic clock, proving that atomic nuclei could serve as a precise timing reference.1
The prototype achieves a relative precision of approximately 10 to the negative 15th power, equivalent to an error of about one second over 30 million years.1 Although this performance has not yet surpassed the world's most advanced optical atomic clocks, the nuclear clock demonstrates the potential of this technology.1 A key advantage of the nuclear approach is that atomic nuclei are more than 10,000 times smaller than atoms and therefore exhibit greater resistance to external interference.1 Notably, the nuclear clock can maintain its accuracy independently for over 24 hours without assistance from conventional atomic clocks.1 Professor Schumm commented: "This is a wonderful result for a first prototype," acknowledging that further development is needed to match the performance of the best existing optical atomic clocks.1
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