新一轮巴以冲突已满3周年，哈马斯武装虽在以色列持续打击下遭受严重损失，但仍保持较强军事实力。1根据伦敦国王学院的数据，哈马斯现有兵力约2万人，其中三分之一具备实战经验。1组织最精锐的"努赫巴"突击队估计还有约2500人。1在武器方面，哈马斯仍握有超1万支轻武器和少量远程火箭弹。1随着高级领导层被清除和重型武器损失，哈马斯武装趋向分散化，转向小分队游击战和单打独斗模式。1
美国情报部门称哈马斯可能新吸纳了1万至1.5万武装人员，且每月可赚取数千万美元用于招募和训练新成员。1加沙地下潜藏数百公里长的哈马斯秘密隧道。1近期冲突中，以军在9月28日和10月2日对两名哈马斯狙击手实施空袭，10月初哈马斯武装引爆路边炸弹袭击一辆以军工程车。1
The latest round of Israeli-Palestinian conflict has now reached its third anniversary, with Hamas's armed wing sustaining severe casualties under continuous Israeli strikes while retaining considerable military capability.1 According to data from King's College London, Hamas currently maintains a fighting force of approximately 20,000 personnel, with roughly one-third possessing actual combat experience.1 The organization still controls over 10,000 light weapons and possesses limited long-range rocket capabilities.1
The conflict has reshaped Hamas's military structure significantly. With senior leadership eliminated and heavy weapons depleted, the group has increasingly shifted toward decentralized operations, relying on small-unit guerrilla tactics and independent cells.1 Hamas's most elite unit, the Nukhba commando force, is estimated to retain approximately 2,500 fighters.1 Meanwhile, the organization generates tens of millions of dollars monthly, which it allocates toward recruiting and training new members, with U.S. intelligence agencies suggesting Hamas may have absorbed between 10,000 and 15,000 additional armed personnel.1 Gaza's underground network contains hundreds of kilometers of secret tunnels controlled by Hamas, providing strategic depth for continued operations.1 Recent incidents in late September and early October demonstrate ongoing Hamas military activity, including airstrikes targeting snipers on September 28 and October 2, as well as improvised explosive device attacks against Israeli military vehicles in early October.1
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