因斯布鲁克大学的研究团队近日首次在实验室中创造并直接观测到物理学家Hans Bethe在1931年预言的量子态"Bethe弦"1。该研究由量子物理学家Hanns-Christoph Nägerl领导，通过将铯原子冷却至接近绝对零度，并将其限制在一维管状结构中，使多个原子在没有化学键的情况下结合成束缚态1。
在实验中，研究人员在数千条极窄的一维管中观察到原子形成的束缚态，其中某些簇包含六个或更多粒子1。这些Bethe弦具有独特的物理性质——它们能够相互碰撞而不破裂，但在三维空间中会分解1。该研究成果已发表于《Nature Communications》2026年第17卷第1期1，获得了奥地利科学基金会、欧盟和英国工程与物理科学研究理事会的资助1。
Physicists at the University of Innsbruck have successfully created and directly observed Bethe strings, exotic quantum states predicted by Hans Bethe in 1931 1. Led by quantum physicist Hanns-Christoph Nägerl, the research team cooled cesium atoms to within billionths of a degree above absolute zero and confined them within one-dimensional tube-like structures 1. In this extreme environment, multiple atoms bonded together into bound states without forming chemical bonds 1.
The resulting quantum structures demonstrated remarkable stability during collisions, remaining intact without breaking apart 1. Some of these atomic clusters contained six or more particles confined within thousands of narrow one-dimensional channels 1. However, the team found that while Bethe strings survive impacts in their confined geometry, they decompose when released into three-dimensional space 1. The findings were published in Nature Communications, Volume 17, 2026, and represent a significant advancement in quantum many-body physics 1. The research was supported by funding from the Austrian Science Fund, the European Union, and the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council 1.
评论
还没有评论，欢迎留下第一条。