犹他大学健康中心的研究团队发现了细菌防御病毒入侵的新机制。1该研究表明，病毒产生的蛋白酶可直接切割细菌的传感蛋白，从而激活细菌的CBASS免疫系统，触发一种自我毁灭式的防御反应，防止病毒向周边细胞传播。1这一发现由犹他大学健康中心生物化学助理教授Sam Hobbs博士领导，研究成果已发表在《科学》杂志2026年第394卷第6819期，题为《噬菌体蛋白酶激活CBASS抗噬菌体免疫》。1
CBASS系统与人类的抗病毒免疫途径存在关联，表明该防御机制至少可以追溯到细菌与人类的共同祖先。1该发现有助于推进更有效的噬菌体疗法的开发，以对抗抗生素耐药菌。1
Researchers at the University of Utah Health Center have uncovered a novel mechanism by which bacteria defend themselves against viral attacks using their CBASS immune system 1. The study, published in Science in 2026 (394(6): 102), reveals that viral proteases directly cleave bacterial sensor proteins, triggering a self-destructive immune response that prevents the virus from spreading to neighboring cells 1.
The research, led by Sam Hobbs, PhD, an assistant professor of biochemistry at the University of Utah Health Center, demonstrates that phage proteases activate the CBASS antiphage immunity pathway 1. This discovery has significant implications for developing more effective phage therapies to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria 1. The findings also illuminate an ancient immune mechanism shared between bacteria and humans, suggesting that this defensive system traces back to a common ancestor of both organisms 1.
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