中国科学院国家天文台研究团队利用"中国天眼"等多波段观测数据，发现脉冲星J0435+3233构成首例尚在演化阶段的原生三体系统1。该系统由一颗脉冲星、一颗白矮星和一颗正在演化的类太阳恒星组成，三者源于同一云团中形成的原生"三胞胎"1，是第二例被确认的脉冲星三体系统1。相关成果已于北京时间10月9日在《天体物理学杂志快报》发表1。
脉冲星J0435+3233最早于2020年6月8日由"中国天眼"发现，其自转周期仅3.2毫秒1。该脉冲星与白矮星以8天为周期沿圆形轨道环绕共同质心运行1。这颗脉冲星的周期每年增加1纳秒，比同类型脉冲星高出两个量级1。第二伴星为一颗质量几乎相同的类太阳恒星，仍处于演化阶段，以73.5年为周期、偏心率0.6的偏心轨道环绕脉冲星-白矮星双星系统1。
中国科学院新疆天文台利用"中国天眼"进行了长达5年的持续监测，成功获取192次测量结果1。中国团队确定的三体绕转几何构型和轨道参数精度比欧洲团队好一个量级1。
A research team from China's National Astronomical Observatories at the Chinese Academy of Sciences has identified pulsar J0435+3233 as the first known triple system in an active evolutionary stage, consisting of a pulsar, a white dwarf, and an evolving Sun-like star1. The three celestial bodies originated as "triplets" formed from the same molecular cloud and represent the second confirmed pulsar triple system overall1.
The pulsar was initially detected by the "Sky Eye" telescope on June 8, 2020, with an extremely rapid rotation period of just 3.2 milliseconds1. It orbits its white dwarf companion every 8 days along a circular trajectory around their common center of mass1. The system's most distinctive feature is that the pulsar's rotation period increases by 1 nanosecond annually—two orders of magnitude higher than similar pulsars1. The third component is an evolving Sun-like star with nearly identical mass, orbiting the pulsar-white dwarf binary system with a period of 73.5 years and an orbital eccentricity of 0.61.
The confirmation of this system relied on sustained observations conducted over five years by the Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory at the Chinese Academy of Sciences using the Sky Eye telescope, yielding 192 measurement results1. The Chinese team's determination of the three-body orbital geometry and parameters achieved precision one order of magnitude better than European counterparts1. The findings were published on October 9 in The Astrophysical Journal Letters1.
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