太空领域正经历一场深刻转变。曾被视为全球共同遗产和人类奇迹的太空探索，如今正逐步沦为军事竞争和资本扩张的舞台1。美国总统特朗普已将太空宣称为"参战域"1，而科技企业家马斯克则将火星殖民描述为"人类生命保险"1，这些表述反映出太空领域权力结构的根本性改变。
在这一转变过程中，性别不平等问题尤为突出。尽管美国国家航空航天局最新宇航员中超过一半是女性1，但决策权和任务机会的分配却并未相应调整。克里斯蒂娜·科赫在阿尔忒弥斯II任务中成为首位通过飞掠返回月球的女性1，然而在后续的阿尔忒弥斯III任务中，女性被完全排除在外1。尽管美国国家航空航天局最初承诺阿尔忒弥斯计划将"为全人类利益"登陆首位女性和有色人种宇航员1，但现实与承诺存在巨大偏差。太空部门高层人员"绝大多数不是女性，不代表世界各民族和族群的全面分布"1，这表明男性主导的太空产业正在重演地球上根深蒂固的权力结构，导致女性被系统性地排斥在关键决策和任务之外。
The commercialization and militarization of space has fundamentally altered humanity's relationship with the cosmos, transforming it from a shared frontier into a domain controlled by wealthy and powerful men.1 While Christina Koch made history as the first woman to return to the Moon via flyby on the Artemis II mission,1 the subsequent Artemis III mission will exclude women entirely despite more than half of NASA's latest astronaut cohort being female.1 This exclusion stands in stark contrast to the space agency's initial promise that the Artemis program would land both the first woman and the first person of color on the Moon "for the benefit of all humanity."1
The disparity reflects broader structural inequalities within the space sector, where male dominance remains entrenched at the highest levels.1 Senior leadership in space exploration consists predominantly of men who do not represent "the world's diverse populations and ethnic groups,"1 even as the talent pool has diversified significantly. President Trump has characterized space as a "warfighting domain,"1 signaling a shift in how the United States conceptualizes space exploration. Billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk frames Mars colonization as "life insurance for human civilization,"1 illustrating how space has become intertwined with corporate and strategic interests rather than collective human achievement.
This transformation recapitulates the power hierarchies that define Earth itself, with space agencies and private actors replicating rather than transcending existing gender and demographic exclusions. The vision articulated by space philosopher Frank White in 1987—that the Overview Effect could fundamentally reshape human consciousness and cooperation—appears increasingly distant as commercial and military priorities supersede the collaborative spirit that once defined the space age.1
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