中国央行发布人民币汇率政策立场：没必要通过贬值获取贸易优势

中国央行发布长文阐述人民币汇率政策立场，明确重申中国没有必要、也无意通过汇率贬值获取贸易竞争优势1。央行坚持人民币实行以市场供需为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度1。

央行指出，过去20多年来人民币汇率保持双向浮动，自2010年以来已经历多轮升贬值周期1。对于将本国产业竞争力下降、财政约束弱化和复杂结构性问题简单归因于他国汇率的做法，央行批评这是对自身调整责任的推诿和回避1。此外，央行驳斥了将国际货币基金组织（IMF）的外部平衡评估结果曲解为人民币低估的观点，指出IMF的外部平衡评估评估的是实际有效汇率，不应被误读为对名义汇率的看法1。

China's central bank released a detailed statement on its yuan exchange rate policy, asserting that the country has neither need nor intention to gain trade advantages through currency depreciation 1. The People's Bank of China emphasized its commitment to allowing market forces to play a decisive role in determining exchange rates 1.

The central bank implements a managed floating exchange rate system based on market supply and demand, with reference to a basket of currencies 1. Over the past two decades, the yuan has experienced two-way fluctuations, undergoing multiple cycles of appreciation and depreciation since 2010 1.

The monetary authority criticized attempts by other nations to attribute their own industrial competitiveness decline and structural economic problems to foreign exchange rates, characterizing such attribution as "a shirking of responsibility for self-adjustment" 1. The central bank also rejected interpretations of the International Monetary Fund's External Balance Assessment as suggesting the yuan is undervalued, clarifying that the IMF measure evaluates real effective exchange rates rather than nominal rates 1.