歐盟貿易執委塞夫柯維奇抵達北京，與中國官員開始為期兩天的貿易談判1。此次談判涉及汽車、可再生能源、稀土和市場准入等多個關鍵領域的重大爭端1。
在汽車貿易方面，矛盾日益尖銳。中國插電式混合動力車出口在短短三年間從每月不到一萬輛激增至每月近二十萬輛1，引發歐盟警惕。歐盟兩年前已對中國純電動汽車加徵百分之七點八至百分之三十五點三的關稅1，但插電式混合動力車被認為規避了這些措施。這一形勢對歐洲製造業造成直接衝擊——德國福斯汽車九月三日宣布將再裁減五萬個職位，使計劃裁員總數達到約十萬人1。
稀土出口管制也成為談判焦點。中國今年七月對向十四家歐洲企業出口稀土實施了嚴格限制1。與此同時，歐盟初步認定中國政府的補貼使金風科技在歐洲獲得不公平的競爭優勢1。科技領域的變化亦反映了緊張局勢——諾基亞今年秋季將關閉在中國大陸的大部分業務1。
The European Union's trade commissioner arrived in Beijing to engage in two days of negotiations aimed at addressing escalating tensions between Brussels and China across multiple critical sectors 1. The talks center on disputes involving automotive tariffs, renewable energy competition, rare earth export controls, and market access—issues that have strained trade relations between the two economic powers 1.
The automotive sector represents one of the most contentious battlegrounds. Chinese exports of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles have surged dramatically, climbing from fewer than 10,000 units per month three years ago to nearly 200,000 units monthly 1. This growth has occurred even as the EU imposed tariffs ranging from 7.8% to 35.3% on Chinese pure electric vehicles two years prior 1. The pressure on European carmakers has intensified, exemplified by Volkswagen's announcement on September 3rd that it would eliminate an additional 50,000 positions, bringing its total planned workforce reduction to approximately 100,000 1.
Beyond automobiles, the EU has preliminarily determined that Chinese government subsidies have given Goldwind Technology an unfair competitive advantage in Europe's renewable energy market 1. Additionally, China implemented strict export restrictions in July this year on rare earth shipments to 14 European companies, further constraining European access to essential materials 1. The trade friction has also affected global technology firms, with Nokia announcing plans to close most of its operations on mainland China beginning this autumn 1.
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