英国一项长期跟踪研究表明，过去十年间脱欧、新冠疫情、乌克兰战争和前首相特拉斯迷你预算等多次重大冲击对国民心理健康造成了严重且持久的影响。1该研究基于英国家庭纵向研究数据，追踪了87857名16岁及以上人群从2009年至2024年间的心理健康状况变化。1
研究发现，首次新冠封锁造成的心理健康恶化程度最为严重，相当于约90万人因抑郁症就医。1脱欧公投次之，其心理健康影响相当于约12万人就医。1俄乌战争自2022年2月爆发后，每月导致约1.5万人因抑郁症就医。1同年9月的特拉斯迷你预算每月造成约2.3万人的心理健康恶化。1
英国心理健康服务需求大幅增长。国民保健制度（NHS）月度新转诊数从2022年4月的36万增至2026年7月的53万，增幅达47%。1在英格兰地区，接受NHS心理健康服务的人数从2016-17年的264万激增至2024-25年的413万，增幅为56%。1
研究显示，2015年后心理困扰加速增长，即使最近的重大冲击已发生于2022年，但英国人口的高心理困扰水平仍未恢复到2016年之前的低位。1英国心理健康成本每年已达3000亿英镑。1
A decade of successive shocks—including the Covid-19 pandemic, Brexit, the Ukraine war, and former Prime Minister Liz Truss's mini-budget—has triggered a sustained deterioration in mental health across the British population, according to a longitudinal study.1 The research, based on tracking 87,857 people aged 16 and over from 2009 to 2024, found that the first coronavirus lockdown had the most severe impact, equivalent to approximately 900,000 additional cases of depression requiring NHS treatment, followed by the 2016 Brexit referendum, which corresponded to around 120,000 cases.1 The September 2022 mini-budget resulted in approximately 23,000 cases per month, while the February 2022 invasion of Ukraine drove roughly 15,000 monthly cases.1
The findings reflect a broader surge in demand for mental health services across England.1 The number of people receiving NHS psychological treatment increased by 56 percent, rising from 2.64 million in 2016-17 to 4.13 million in 2024-25.1 Monthly new referrals to NHS mental health services jumped 47 percent between April 2022 and July 2026, climbing from 360,000 to 530,000.1 Research data shows that psychological distress accelerated after 2015, and despite the most recent crises occurring in 2022, elevated levels of mental health difficulties have not returned to pre-2016 baseline levels.1 The annual economic cost of mental health challenges in Britain has reached £300 billion.1
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