计算机科学家玛格丽特·汉密尔顿于9月30日去世，享年90岁1。她曾领导麻省理工学院仪器实验室的软件工程团队，为NASA阿波罗计划开发机载飞行软件1。1965年，汉密尔顿成为阿波罗项目在麻省理工学院的第一位程序员，也是项目中第一位女性程序员1。到1968年，超过400人在为阿波罗软件工作1。
汉密尔顿在软件工程学科的建立和发展中发挥了关键作用，包括开创防御性编程和优先级驱动软件等技术1。在阿波罗11号登月任务中，计算机出现1202错误，由汉密尔顿团队开发的优先级驱动软件成功处理了这一危机1。1976年，她创立了第一家软件公司Higher Order Software1。
汉密尔顿因其贡献获得多项荣誉。2003年获得NASA杰出太空法案奖1，2016年获得巴拉克·奥巴马总统授予的总统自由勋章1，2022年入选美国航空名人堂1。
Margaret Hamilton, the computer scientist who spearheaded software development for NASA's Apollo program, passed away on September 30 at the age of 90 1. Hamilton led the software engineering team at MIT's Instrumentation Laboratory, where she directed the creation of the onboard flight software that powered the lunar missions 1. Her work proved instrumental in establishing software engineering as a discipline, pioneering defensive programming techniques and priority-driven software architecture—innovations that became critical when the Apollo 11 lunar module encountered a 1202 error during its descent to the moon's surface 1.
Hamilton joined MIT in 1959 and became the first programmer assigned to the Apollo project in 1965, also marking her distinction as the project's first female programmer 1. Under her leadership, the software team expanded dramatically, growing to over 400 people by 1968 1. The priority-driven software systems she championed successfully managed the critical error during Apollo 11's landing, preventing a mission failure 1. Following her work at MIT through the mid-1970s, Hamilton founded Higher Order Software, the first company dedicated to her innovative approach to software development, in 1976 1.
Hamilton received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama in 2016, NASA's Distinguished Space Act Award in 2003, and was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in 2022 1.
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